Kinast Volker, Klöhn Mara, Nocke Maximilian K, Todt Daniel, Steinmann Eike
Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Curr Opin Virol. 2022 Oct;56:101274. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101274. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
The intimate relationship between virus and host cell can result in highly adapted viruses that are restricted to a single host. However, some viruses have the ability to infect multiple host species. Remarkably, hepatitis E viruses (HEV) comprise genotypes that are either 'single-host' or 'multi-host' genotypes, a trait that raises fundamental questions: Why do different genotypes differ in their host range, despite a high degree of genomic similarity? What are the underlying molecular determinants that shape species barriers? Here, we review the current knowledge of viral and host determinants that may affect the evolutionary trajectories of HEV. We also provide a perspective on techniques and methods that address open questions of HEV host range and adaptation.
病毒与宿主细胞之间的密切关系可导致高度适应的病毒，这些病毒仅限于单一宿主。然而，一些病毒具有感染多种宿主物种的能力。值得注意的是，戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）包括“单宿主”或“多宿主”基因型，这一特性引发了一些基本问题：尽管基因组相似度很高，但不同基因型的宿主范围为何不同？形成物种屏障的潜在分子决定因素是什么？在这里，我们综述了目前关于可能影响HEV进化轨迹的病毒和宿主决定因素的知识。我们还对解决HEV宿主范围和适应性未决问题的技术和方法提出了看法。
