Reynolds Paul M, Altiere Ralph J, Franson Kari L, Brock Tina P, Malhotra Jodie V, Wagmaister Rachel, Gleason Shaun Ellen
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs, 12850 E Montview Blvd, V20 1116G, Aurora, CO 12850, USA.
Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2022 Oct 8;10(5):129. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy10050129.
Background: To establish the predictors of success in an international-trained PharmD (ITPD) program between admission criteria and academic performance. Methods: The primary outcome of this study was the correlation of admission criteria with didactic and experiential grade point averages (GPA) for the first 5 years. Candidates meeting the minimum criteria completed a competency exam or the US-Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Equivalency Exam (US-FPGEE). Tests of English language proficiency (TOEFL(R) and ACTFL’s Oral Proficiency Interview) plus interview with faculty, students, and alumni were also required. Scores were correlated with both didactic and experiential GPAs. Results: The 23 students admitted to the ITPD program had a cumulative GPA of 3.72. There was a significant correlation between total admissions score and the median pharmacy and healthcare course category GPA (ρ 0.53), but not other categories. The composite TOEFL did not predict any performance but TOEFL writing and speaking did correlate with advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) performance. The OPI scores were associated with higher GPAs overall, in advanced integrated clinical sciences, and APPEs. The admission interview scores consistently and significantly correlated with preceptor-rated APPE GPA, practitioner skills, and professionalism (ρ > 0.5; p < 0.05). Performance in early courses significantly predicted the performance in advanced courses and experiential performance (ρ 0.48−0.61). Conclusion: The correlations between early and late course performance demonstrated the cohesiveness of this program. Further study is needed between the predictors of success using non-cognitive admission criteria.
确定国际培训药学博士（ITPD）项目录取标准与学业成绩之间成功的预测因素。方法：本研究的主要结果是前5年录取标准与理论和实践平均绩点（GPA）的相关性。符合最低标准的候选人需完成一项能力考试或美国外国药学毕业生同等学历考试（US-FPGEE）。还需要英语语言能力测试（托福和美国外语教学委员会的口语能力面试）以及与教师、学生和校友的面试。分数与理论和实践GPA均相关。结果：被ITPD项目录取的23名学生的累积GPA为3.72。总录取分数与药学和医疗保健课程类别中位数GPA之间存在显著相关性（ρ = 0.53），但与其他类别无关。综合托福成绩不能预测任何表现，但托福写作和口语成绩与高级药学实践经验（APPE）表现相关。OPI分数与总体更高的GPA、高级综合临床科学以及APPE相关。录取面试分数与带教老师评定的APPE GPA、从业者技能和专业素养始终且显著相关（ρ > 0.5；p < 0.05）。早期课程的表现显著预测了高级课程的表现和实践表现（ρ = 0.48 - 0.61）。结论：早期和后期课程表现之间的相关性证明了该项目的连贯性。需要进一步研究使用非认知录取标准的成功预测因素。
