Failed temporomandibular joint prostheses: MR imaging.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with surface coils was performed on 43 temporomandibular joints with disk prostheses in 28 patients who had pain, dysfunction, or both after implantation of the prostheses. Fracture was diagnosed prospectively as a discontinuity of the prosthesis on the MR examination; the sensitivity and specificity of MR imaging for this diagnosis was determined on the basis of these studies. All patients underwent surgery, after which the final diagnosis was made. MR imaging was found to have a sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.91. Other MR findings included an abnormal amount of soft tissue surrounding the disk, thinning of the disk, osteophytes, and erosion of the condyle. An as yet unexplained artifact was frequently seen and obscured the prostheses in four of the six false-negative studies. The one false-positive case resulted from the interpretation of a markedly thinned but intact region of the prosthesis as a fracture.