Shahid Sana, Sultana Tayyaba, Sultana Salma, Hussain Bilal, Al-Ghanim Khalid Abdullah, Al-Bashir Fahad, Riaz Mian Nadeem, Mahboob Shahid
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Toxics. 2022 Sep 26;10(10):564. doi: 10.3390/toxics10100564.
The present study aimed to determine the degree of changes in the histological architecture of the liver, gills, kidneys, and muscles of fish collected from different polluted river sites. Fish samples collected from the Faisalabad Fish Hatchery and upstream of Chakbandi drain acted as a control. Necrosis, hemorrhage, and epithelial hyperplasia were observed in the gills of fish inhabiting the river downstream of the Chakbandi drain entrance. Liver tissues were found to be affected by vacuolated cytoplasm, bile duct proliferation, melanomacrophages, and necrosis. In kidney tissues, shrinkage of the renal cortex, necrosis, and destructive renal tubules were observed. Histopathology of muscles indicates the presence of hypertrophy and swollen myofibers. In contrast, upstream specimens of fish exhibited mild tissue alterations. Histopathology of gills tissue showed vacuolization. Liver tissues indicated the presence of hypertrophy and more frequent Kupffer cells than usual. The vacuolation was also observed in kidney tissues. Muscle tissues expressed splitting of muscle fibres and degeneration in muscle bundles. However, sections of tissues collected from farmed fish have normal morphology and no anomalies. The histopathological assessment indicated various cellular, biochemical, and histological changes in response to the contamination in the vicinity of the fish.
本研究旨在确定从不同污染河流站点采集的鱼类肝脏、鳃、肾脏和肌肉的组织学结构变化程度。从费萨拉巴德鱼类孵化场和查克班迪排水渠上游采集的鱼类样本作为对照。在查克班迪排水渠入口下游河流中的鱼类鳃中观察到坏死、出血和上皮增生。肝脏组织受细胞质空泡化、胆管增生、黑色素巨噬细胞和坏死影响。在肾脏组织中，观察到肾皮质萎缩、坏死和肾小管破坏。肌肉组织病理学显示存在肥大和肿胀的肌纤维。相比之下，上游鱼类标本表现出轻度组织改变。鳃组织病理学显示有空泡化。肝脏组织显示存在肥大，库普弗细胞比平时更常见。肾脏组织中也观察到空泡化。肌肉组织表现出肌纤维分裂和肌束变性。然而，从养殖鱼类采集的组织切片形态正常，无异常。组织病理学评估表明，鱼类附近的污染导致了各种细胞、生化和组织学变化。
