Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2023 Jan;122(1):117-126. doi: 10.1007/s00436-022-07703-4. Epub 2022 Oct 27.
In urban and degraded areas, ectoparasite abundance can be affected by increasing human population density and habitat fragmentation. This study aimed to characterize the ectoparasitic fly community associated with bats in the urban green areas of Sergipe, Brazil. Campaigns were conducted monthly, for two consecutive nights, between September 2019 and February 2021. To capture the bats, ten mist nets were set up inside and at the edge of the habitat fragments. All ectoparasites found were removed from the bats and stored in 70% alcohol. The specificity index, parasitological rates, and level of parasite aggregation were calculated, and the influence of host sex and seasonality on parasitological rates were verified for the most parasitized bats. The collected ectoparasites corresponded to the families Nycteribiidae (S = 1; n = 26) and Streblidae (S = 13; n = 849), with Trichobius costalimai and Medistopoda aranea being the most abundant species. For some interactions, there was an influence of host sex on the prevalence rates, with the highest number of parasites being found on females, which can be explained by their greater susceptibility to parasitism owing to their long stay in roosts. The seasonality influenced the parasitological rates, and opposing patterns (from what was expected) were observed for some interactions; this influence may be due to the biological differences between parasite species. This study provides relevant data on this interaction, especially for urban areas in northeastern Brazil, expanding the number of studies in the State of Sergipe and promoting future studies.
在城市和退化地区，随着人口密度和生境破碎化的增加，外寄生虫的丰度可能会受到影响。本研究旨在描述巴西塞尔希培州城市绿地中与蝙蝠相关的外寄生虫蝇类群落。2019 年 9 月至 2021 年 2 月，每月连续两晚进行了一次活动。为了捕捉蝙蝠，在栖息地碎片的内部和边缘设置了 10 个雾网。从蝙蝠身上取下所有发现的外寄生虫，并储存在 70%的酒精中。计算了特异性指数、寄生虫感染率和寄生虫聚集水平，并验证了宿主性别和季节性对感染率最高的蝙蝠的寄生虫感染率的影响。收集到的外寄生虫属于 Nycteribiidae 科（S=1；n=26）和 Streblidae 科（S=13；n=849），其中 Trichobius costalimai 和 Medistopoda aranea 是最丰富的物种。对于某些相互作用，宿主性别对流行率有影响，雌性寄生虫数量最多，这可以用它们在栖息地停留时间较长导致对寄生虫感染的敏感性更高来解释。季节性影响寄生虫感染率，对于某些相互作用，观察到了相反的模式（与预期的模式相反）；这种影响可能是由于寄生虫物种之间的生物学差异。本研究提供了关于这种相互作用的相关数据，特别是对于巴西东北部的城市地区，扩大了塞尔希培州的研究数量，并促进了未来的研究。
