Department of Health Service and Management, School of Sport Management, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, China.
Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 11;19(20):13024. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013024.
Total organic carbon (TOC) in the water of public swimming pools (PSPs) must be monitored online for public health. In order to address the shortcomings of conventional microbial fuel cell biosensor (MFC-biosensor), an innovative biosensor with peculiar closed-loop structure was developed for online monitoring of TOC in PSPs. Its design was based on experimental data, model identification, cybernetics, and digital and real-time simulation. The outcomes of the digital simulation demonstrated that the closed-loop MFC control system possesses the desired structure with a pair of dominant complex-conjugate closed-loop poles (-15.47 ± 7.73j), and the real-time simulation showed that its controller output signals can automatically and precisely track the variation in TOC concentration in PSP water with the desired dynamic response performances; for example, mean delay time was 0.06 h, rise time was 0.12 h, peak time was 0.18 h, maximum overshoot was 7.39%, settling time was 0.22 h, and best fit 0.98. The proposed principle and method of the closed-loop MFC-biosensor control system in the article can also be applied for online monitoring of other substances in water, such as heavy metal ions, chemical toxicants, and so forth, and lay a theoretical foundation for MFC-based online monitoring substances in an aquatic environment.
公共游泳池（PSP）中的总有机碳（TOC）必须在线监测，以保障公众健康。为了解决传统微生物燃料电池生物传感器（MFC-生物传感器）的缺点，本研究开发了一种具有独特闭环结构的创新生物传感器，用于在线监测 PSP 中的 TOC。其设计基于实验数据、模型识别、控制论以及数字和实时模拟。数字模拟结果表明，闭环 MFC 控制系统具有期望的结构，一对主导复共轭闭环极点为（-15.47±7.73j），实时模拟表明其控制器输出信号可以自动且精确地跟踪 PSP 水中 TOC 浓度的变化，具有理想的动态响应性能；例如，平均延迟时间为 0.06 h，上升时间为 0.12 h，峰值时间为 0.18 h，最大超调量为 7.39%，调整时间为 0.22 h，最佳拟合度为 0.98。本文提出的闭环 MFC-生物传感器控制系统的原理和方法也可应用于在线监测水中的其他物质，如重金属离子、化学毒物等，为基于 MFC 的水环境污染物质在线监测奠定了理论基础。
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