College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 19;19(20):13507. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013507.
Mitigating carbon emissions through forest carbon sinks is one of the nature-based solutions to global warming. Forest ecosystems play a role as a carbon sink and an important source of bioenergy. China's forest ecosystems have significantly contributed to mitigating carbon emissions. However, there are relatively limited quantitative studies on the carbon mitigation effects of forestry bioenergy in China, so this paper simulated the carbon sequestration of Chinese arbor forest vegetation from 2018 to 2060 based on the CO2FIX model and accounted for the carbon emission reduction brought about by substituting forestry bioenergy for fossil energy, which is important for the formulation of policies to tackle climate change in the Chinese forestry sector. The simulation results showed that the carbon storage of all arbor forest vegetation in China increased year by year from 2018 to 2060, and, overall, it behaved as a carbon sink, with the annual carbon sink fluctuating in the region of 250 MtC/a. For commercial forests that already existed in 2018, the emission reduction effected by substituting forestry bioenergy for fossil energy was significant. The average annual carbon reduction in terms of bioenergy by using traditional and improved stoves reached 36.1 and 69.3 MtC/a, respectively. Overall, for China's existing arbor forests, especially commercial forests, forestry bioenergy should be utilized more efficiently to further exploit its emission reduction potential. For future newly planted forests in China, new afforestation should focus on ecological public welfare forests, which are more beneficial as carbon sinks.
通过森林碳汇来减少碳排放是应对全球变暖的自然解决方案之一。森林生态系统既是碳汇，也是生物能源的重要来源。中国的森林生态系统在减少碳排放方面发挥了重要作用。然而，关于中国林业生物能源的碳减排效应的定量研究相对较少，因此，本文基于 CO2FIX 模型模拟了中国乔木林植被从 2018 年到 2060 年的碳固存，并考虑了用林业生物能源替代化石能源所带来的减排量，这对于制定中国林业应对气候变化的政策具有重要意义。模拟结果表明，2018 年至 2060 年，中国所有乔木林植被的碳储量逐年增加，总体上表现为碳汇，年碳汇波动在 250 MtC/a 左右。对于 2018 年已经存在的商业林，用林业生物能源替代化石能源所产生的减排效果显著。使用传统和改良炉灶的生物能源的平均年碳减排量分别达到 36.1 和 69.3 MtC/a。总体而言，对于中国现有的乔木林，特别是商业林，应更有效地利用林业生物能源，以进一步挖掘其减排潜力。对于中国未来新种植的森林，新造林应侧重于生态公益林，作为碳汇更有利。
