Haug Helen, Klein Luise, Sauerwald Tilman, Poelke Birte, Beauchamp Jonathan, Roloff Alexander
Department of Sensory Analytics and Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Freising, Germany.
Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Erlangen, Germany.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2024;54(7):1895-1916. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2136484. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common constituents of many consumer products. Although many VOCs are generally considered harmless at low concentrations, some compound classes represent substances of concern in relation to human (inhalation) exposure and can elicit adverse health effects, especially when concentrations build up, such as in indoor settings. Determining VOC emissions from consumer products, such as toys, utensils or decorative articles, is of utmost importance to enable the assessment of inhalation exposure under real-world scenarios with respect to consumer safety. Due to the diverse sizes and shapes of such products, as well as their differing uses, a one-size-fits-all approach for measuring VOC emissions is not possible, thus, sampling procedures must be chosen carefully to best suit the sample under investigation. This review outlines the different sampling approaches for characterizing VOC emissions from consumer products, including headspace and emission test chamber methods. The advantages and disadvantages of each sampling technique are discussed in relation to their time and cost efficiency, as well as their suitability to realistically assess VOC inhalation exposures.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）是许多消费品的常见成分。尽管许多挥发性有机化合物在低浓度下通常被认为是无害的，但某些化合物类别是与人类（吸入）接触有关的关注物质，并且可能引发不良健康影响，尤其是当浓度升高时，例如在室内环境中。确定消费品（如玩具、餐具或装饰品）中的挥发性有机化合物排放量对于在实际场景中评估与消费者安全相关的吸入暴露至关重要。由于此类产品的尺寸和形状各异，以及它们的用途不同，因此不可能采用一种适用于所有情况的方法来测量挥发性有机化合物的排放量，因此，必须仔细选择采样程序，以最适合所研究的样品。本综述概述了用于表征消费品中挥发性有机化合物排放的不同采样方法，包括顶空法和排放测试箱法。讨论了每种采样技术的优缺点，涉及它们的时间和成本效率，以及它们对实际评估挥发性有机化合物吸入暴露的适用性。
