Maria R. Dekker, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.
Alexander H. C. Hendriks, Tilburg University and Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2022 Nov 1;127(6):485-494. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.6.485.
This study aimed to examine the level of discrimination against people with intellectual disability during COVID-19, and assessed stereotypes, levels of familiarity with people with intellectual disability, and personal experiences with COVID-19 as potential correlates. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a large sample from the Dutch population (n = 1,797). Salient stereotype factors of people with intellectual disability were "friendly" and "in need of help," but not "give nuisance." Those respondents who were unfamiliar with people with intellectual disability in real life demonstrated higher levels of discrimination, perceiving them as more of a nuisance and as being less in need of help, in comparison to those who were more familiar. People with intellectual disability were judged by an ambivalent set of stereotypes during the COVID-19 pandemic that were in line with pre-COVID-19 findings and as such seemed to be fairly persistent and robust. There is a pressing need to both raise awareness of stereotypes towards and discrimination against people with intellectual disability via advocacy and education, and to facilitate positive encounters.
本研究旨在考察 COVID-19 期间人们对智障人士的歧视程度，并评估刻板印象、对智障人士的熟悉程度以及个人 COVID-19 经历作为潜在的相关性因素。采用荷兰人口的大样本进行了横断面研究（n=1797）。智障人士的显著刻板印象因素是“友好”和“需要帮助”，而不是“制造麻烦”。与那些在现实生活中不熟悉智障人士的人相比，那些对智障人士不熟悉的人表现出更高的歧视程度，认为他们更麻烦，更不需要帮助。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，智障人士被一组合矛盾的刻板印象所评判，这些刻板印象与 COVID-19 之前的发现一致，因此似乎相当持久和稳定。迫切需要通过宣传和教育提高对智障人士的刻板印象和歧视意识，并促进积极的接触。
