Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Segorbe, Castellón, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
Animal. 2022 Nov;16(11):100659. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100659. Epub 2022 Oct 26.
Using agricultural by-products such as dehydrated orange pulp (DOP) in animal feeds is of interest to increase pig sector sustainability. With this aim, an assay was carried out to assess the effects of increasing inclusion levels of DOP in pig diets regarding animal performance, carcass quality, and environmental impact. Four experimental diets were designed, a control diet (T1) and three more diets with increasing levels of DOP with 80, 160, and 240 g/kg of DOP for diets T2, T3, and T4, respectively. One hundred and sixty growing pigs were used in the experiment. Growth performance (average daily gain, ADG; average daily feed intake, ADFI and feed conversion ratio, FCR) and in vivo backfat thickness (BF) and loin depth (LD) gain were recorded during the finishing phase (from 70 to 130 kg BW). Faecal samples were incubated for bacteria enumeration. At slaughter, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits were measured, and subcutaneous fat was sampled to analyse the fatty acid (FA) profile. Additionally, the slurry excreted by the animals was measured, characterised and subjected to a gaseous emission assay during its storage. The final BW and overall ADFI, ADG and FCR were similar among treatments. In vivo final LD and BF gain decreased (P ≤ 0.10) as the inclusion level of DOP increased. No differences were observed in carcass characteristics with the inclusion of DOP, except carcass weight that decreased linearly (P = 0.05) with DOP. Regarding the FA profile of the subcutaneous fat, the ratio of total monounsaturated to saturated FA increased with the inclusion level of DOP. Neither slurry excretion and characterisation nor bacterial counts from faeces showed any significant difference among treatments. The inclusion of DOP led to greater CH emissions in mg per L of slurry and hour, whereas these differences disappeared when expressed in mg per animal and day. In all, it has been demonstrated that the inclusion of DOP up to 240 mg/kg in pig diets had minor effects on growth performance, carcass quality traits or gaseous emissions from slurry, favouring the circular economy strategy and pig sector sustainability.
利用脱水橙渣（DOP）等农业副产物作为动物饲料，有助于提高养猪业的可持续性。为此，本研究旨在评估在猪日粮中增加 DOP 水平对动物生产性能、胴体质量和环境影响的影响。设计了四种实验日粮，对照日粮（T1）和三种添加水平逐渐升高的 DOP 日粮，分别为 T2、T3 和 T4 日粮中添加 80、160 和 240 g/kg DOP。试验使用了 160 头生长猪。在育肥阶段（体重 70-130kg）记录生长性能（平均日增重、ADG；平均日采食量、ADFI 和饲料转化率、FCR）和背膘厚（BF）和腰肉深度（LD）的增长。粪便样本用于细菌计数。屠宰时，测量胴体特征和肉质特性，并取样皮下脂肪以分析脂肪酸（FA）谱。此外，还测量了动物排出的粪浆，对其特性进行了表征，并在储存过程中进行了气态排放试验。各处理组的最终体重和总 ADFI、ADG 和 FCR 相似。随着 DOP 添加水平的增加，体内最终 LD 和 BF 增加减少（P≤0.10）。添加 DOP 对胴体特征没有影响，但胴体重呈线性下降（P=0.05）。关于皮下脂肪的 FA 谱，总单不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例随着 DOP 添加水平的增加而增加。粪便中的粪浆排泄和特性以及细菌计数在各处理组之间没有显示出任何显著差异。DOP 的添加导致粪浆中每升和每小时的 CH 排放量增加，而当以每头动物和每天的毫克数表示时，这些差异就消失了。总之，在猪日粮中添加高达 240mg/kg 的 DOP 对生长性能、胴体质量特性或粪浆中的气态排放影响较小，有利于循环经济战略和养猪业的可持续性。
Zotero 插件