Sarlon Jan, Brühl Annette B, Lang Undine E, Kordon Andreas
Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Basel, University Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), Basel, Switzerland.
Oberbergklinik Hornberg, Hornberg, Germany.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Oct 13;16:971958. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.971958. eCollection 2022.
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) can reduce both stress and depressive symptoms. However, the impact of mindfulness on stress level in depressed subjects remains unclear. This study aims to assess electrophysiological correlates of mindfulness in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) at baseline, under stress exposure, and in relaxation following stress exposure.
Perceived mindfulness was assessed with the Freiburger Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) in 89 inpatients (mean age 51) with MDD [mean Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) 30]. Electrophysiological parameters [resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate variability (HRV), respiration rate, skin conductance, and skin temperature] were recorded at 5-min baseline, 1-min stress exposure, and 5-min self-induced relaxation.
Freiburger Mindfulness Inventory was strongly inversely correlated with symptom severity measured by BDI ( = -0.53, < 0.001). No correlations between FM score and electrophysiological parameters in any of the three conditions (baseline, stress exposure, relaxed state) could be found. The factor openness was associated with higher VLF (very low frequency of HRV) in the baseline condition. However, this correlation was no more significant after regression analysis when corrected for respiratory rate, age, and sex.
Autonomous nervous reactivity in depression was not associated with perceived mindfulness as measured by FMI score and presented electrophysiological parameters, despite the strong inverse correlation between state mindfulness and symptom severity.
基于正念的干预措施（MBI）可以减轻压力和抑郁症状。然而，正念对抑郁症患者压力水平的影响仍不明确。本研究旨在评估重度抑郁症（MDD）患者在基线、压力暴露期间以及压力暴露后的放松状态下正念的电生理相关性。
使用弗莱堡正念量表（FMI）对89名患有MDD的住院患者（平均年龄51岁，平均贝克抑郁量表（BDI）评分为30）的正念感知进行评估。在5分钟的基线期、1分钟的压力暴露期和5分钟的自我诱导放松期记录电生理参数[静息心率（RHR）、心率变异性（HRV）、呼吸频率、皮肤电导率和皮肤温度]。
弗莱堡正念量表与BDI测量的症状严重程度呈强烈负相关（r = -0.53，P < 0.001）。在三种情况（基线、压力暴露、放松状态）中的任何一种下，均未发现FM评分与电生理参数之间存在相关性。在基线条件下，开放性因素与较高的VLF（HRV的极低频率）相关。然而，在校正呼吸频率、年龄和性别后进行回归分析时，这种相关性不再显著。
尽管状态正念与症状严重程度之间存在强烈的负相关，但抑郁症患者的自主神经反应性与通过FMI评分和呈现的电生理参数测量的正念感知无关。
