Gregory Steven, Suderman Matthew, Northstone Kate, Pembrey Marcus, Watkins Sarah, Iles-Caven Yasmin, Golding Jean
Bristol Medical School (Population Health Sciences), University of Bristol, Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Wellcome Open Res. 2023 Mar 23;7:184. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17950.2. eCollection 2022.
Previous studies using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) have shown that if men commenced smoking prior to the onset of puberty their sons, their granddaughters and great-granddaughters were more likely to have excess fat (but not lean) mass during childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. In this study we assess associations between ancestral smoking during adolescence (ages 11-16 years) with fat and lean mass of subsequent generations at two ages. We analysed data on exposures of grandparents and great-grandparents collected by ALSPAC. The outcomes were the fat masses of their grandchildren and great-grandchildren measured at ages 17 and 24. Measures of lean mass were used as controls. Adjustment was made for 8-10 demographic factors using multiple regression. We found associations between adolescent smoking of the grandfathers and the adjusted fat mass of their grandchildren, but no associations with the grandchildren's lean mass. Grandchildren at age 17 had an average excess fat mass of +1.65 [95% CI +0.04, +3.26] Kg, and at age 24 an average excess of +1.55 [95% CI -0.27, +3.38] Kg. Adolescent smoking by the grandfather showed similar, but weaker, associations: at 17 an average excess fat mass of +1.02 Kg [95% CI -0.20, +2.25] Kg, and at 24 an average excess of +1.28 [95% CI -0.11, +2.66] Kg. There were no pronounced differences between the sexes of the children. For the great-grandparents there were few convincing results, although numbers were small. We have shown associations between grandfathers' smoking in adolescence and increased fat (but not lean) mass in their children. Confirmation of these associations is required, either in a further data set or by demonstrating the presence of supportive biomarkers.
此前利用雅芳亲子纵向研究（ALSPAC）开展的研究表明，如果男性在青春期开始前就开始吸烟，他们的儿子、孙女和曾孙女在儿童期、青春期和成年早期更有可能有过多的脂肪（而非瘦肉）量。在本研究中，我们评估了青春期（11至16岁）的祖辈吸烟与后代在两个年龄段的脂肪量和瘦肉量之间的关联。我们分析了ALSPAC收集的祖父母和曾祖父母的暴露数据。结果是他们的孙辈和曾孙辈在17岁和24岁时测量的脂肪量。瘦肉量的测量值用作对照。使用多元回归对8至10个人口统计学因素进行了调整。我们发现祖父青春期吸烟与其孙辈经调整后的脂肪量之间存在关联，但与孙辈的瘦肉量无关联。17岁的孙辈平均脂肪量超标+1.65[95%置信区间+0.04，+3.26]千克，24岁时平均超标+1.55[95%置信区间-0.27，+3.38]千克。祖父青春期吸烟显示出类似但较弱的关联：17岁时平均脂肪量超标+1.02千克[95%置信区间-0.20，+2.25]千克，24岁时平均超标+1.28[95%置信区间-0.11，+2.66]千克。儿童的性别之间没有明显差异。对于曾祖父母，虽然数量较少，但几乎没有令人信服的结果。我们已经表明祖父青春期吸烟与其子女脂肪量增加（而非瘦肉量增加）之间存在关联。需要在进一步的数据集中或通过证明支持性生物标志物的存在来证实这些关联。
