Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth A91 K584, Ireland.
The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland.
Function (Oxf). 2022 Sep 26;3(6):zqac050. doi: 10.1093/function/zqac050. eCollection 2022.
Beta-adrenoceptor (β-AR) agonists inhibit cholinergic contractions of airway smooth muscle (ASM), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. ASM cells express M3 and M2 muscarinic receptors, but the bronchoconstrictor effects of acetylcholine are believed to result from activation of M3Rs, while the role of the M2Rs is confined to offsetting β-AR-dependent relaxations. However, a profound M2R-mediated hypersensitization of M3R-dependent contractions of ASM was recently reported, indicating an important role for M2Rs in cholinergic contractions of ASM. Here, we investigated if M2R-dependent contractions of murine bronchial rings were inhibited by activation of β-ARs. M2R-dependent contractions were apparent at low frequency (2Hz) electric field stimulation (EFS) and short (10s) stimulus intervals. The β1-AR agonist, denopamine inhibited EFS-evoked contractions of ASM induced by reduction in stimulus interval from 100 to 10 s and was more effective at inhibiting contractions evoked by EFS at 2 than 20 Hz. Denopamine also abolished carbachol-evoked contractions that were resistant to the M3R antagonist 4-DAMP, similar to the effects of the M2R antagonists, methoctramine and AFDX-116. The inhibitory effects of denopamine on EFS-evoked contractions of ASM were smaller in preparations taken from M2R mice, compared to wild-type (WT) controls. In contrast, inhibitory effects of the β3-AR agonist, BRL37344, on EFS-evoked contractions of detrusor strips taken from M2R mice were greater than WT controls. These data suggest that M2R-dependent contractions of ASM were inhibited by activation of β1-ARs and that genetic ablation of M2Rs decreased the efficacy of β-AR agonists on cholinergic contractions.
β-肾上腺素受体(β-AR)激动剂抑制气道平滑肌(ASM)的胆碱能收缩,但潜在机制尚不清楚。ASM 细胞表达 M3 和 M2 毒蕈碱受体,但乙酰胆碱的支气管收缩作用被认为是由于 M3R 的激活所致,而 M2R 的作用仅限于抵消 β-AR 依赖性松弛。然而,最近有报道称,ASM 中 M3R 依赖性收缩存在深刻的 M2R 介导的超敏反应,表明 M2R 在 ASM 中的胆碱能收缩中具有重要作用。在这里,我们研究了 M2R 依赖性收缩是否被 β-AR 的激活所抑制。在低频(2Hz)电场刺激(EFS)和短(10s)刺激间隔下,观察到 M2R 依赖性收缩。β1-AR 激动剂,去甲肾上腺素抑制刺激间隔从 100 减少到 10s 时引起的 EFS 诱发的 ASM 收缩,并且在 2Hz 时比 20Hz 更有效地抑制 EFS 诱发的收缩。去甲肾上腺素还消除了对 M3R 拮抗剂 4-DAMP 有抗性的 carbachol 诱发的收缩,类似于 M2R 拮抗剂 methoctramine 和 AFDX-116 的作用。与 WT 对照相比,从 M2R 小鼠中取出的制剂中,去甲肾上腺素对 EFS 诱发的 ASM 收缩的抑制作用较小。相比之下,β3-AR 激动剂 BRL37344 对从 M2R 小鼠中取出的逼尿肌条的 EFS 诱发的收缩的抑制作用大于 WT 对照。这些数据表明,M2R 依赖性收缩被 β1-AR 的激活所抑制,并且 M2R 的基因缺失降低了β-AR 激动剂对胆碱能收缩的作用。