William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Nov 3;17(11):e0276907. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276907. eCollection 2022.
We examine mental health outcomes in a national sample of Arab/Middle Eastern college students using the Healthy Minds Study (HMS) from 2015-2018 and assess the modifying roles of religion and discrimination.
HMS is an annual web-based survey administered to random samples of undergraduate and graduate students at participating colleges and universities. A total of 2,494 Arab/Middle Eastern and 84,423 white students were included in our sample. Our primary outcomes of depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, respectively. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were fit for each outcome using an Arab ethnicity indicator. Effect modification by religiosity and discrimination was examined by adding an interaction term to the model.
Odds of depression (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.57) and anxiety (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.60) were higher for Arab/Middle Eastern students than for white students. For Arab/Middle Eastern students, religiosity was a protective factor for both depression (AOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.90) and anxiety (AOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.97). Arab/Middle Eastern students who experienced discrimination had higher odds of depression (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.56) and anxiety (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.65) than those who had not.
Arab/Middle Eastern American college students are a vulnerable subgroup on college campuses experiencing a high burden of depression and anxiety symptoms which are dampened by religiosity and amplified by discrimination.
我们使用 2015-2018 年的“健康思维研究”（HMS）调查了一个全国性的阿拉伯/中东大学生样本中的心理健康结果，并评估了宗教和歧视的调节作用。
HMS 是一项年度网络调查，针对参与高校的本科生和研究生进行随机抽样。我们的样本包括 2494 名阿拉伯/中东学生和 84423 名白人学生。我们使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）和广泛性焦虑障碍 7 项（GAD-7）量表分别评估抑郁和焦虑症状的主要结果。使用阿拉伯种族指标对每种结果进行加权逻辑回归模型拟合。通过向模型中添加交互项来检查宗教信仰和歧视的效应修饰。
与白人学生相比，阿拉伯/中东学生患抑郁（调整后的优势比，AOR：1.40，95%置信区间：1.24，1.57）和焦虑（AOR：1.41，95%置信区间：1.25，1.60）的几率更高。对于阿拉伯/中东学生来说，宗教信仰是抑郁（AOR：0.84，95%置信区间：0.79，0.90）和焦虑（AOR：0.91，95%置信区间：0.85，0.97）的保护因素。经历歧视的阿拉伯/中东学生患抑郁（AOR：1.41，95%置信区间：1.28，1.56）和焦虑（AOR：1.49，95%置信区间：1.36，1.65）的几率高于未经历歧视的学生。
阿拉伯/中东裔美国大学生是校园中一个脆弱的亚群，他们承受着高负担的抑郁和焦虑症状，这些症状因宗教信仰而减弱，因歧视而加剧。
