Tian Lu, Wang Lin, Zhang Xiaofeng, Huang Xuda, Wang Fuhao, Zhu Sifu, Li Xueqiang, Guan Ying
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
Qingdao Water Development Service Center, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(9):24284-24298. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23539-y. Epub 2022 Nov 5.
The seasonal variations of biofilm communities in a municipal wastewater treatment plant were investigated using multi-omics techniques. The abundance of the main phyla of microorganisms varied with summer (July 2019) and winter (January 2019) samples considerably, the Bacteroidetes enriched in winter and Chloroflexi in summer. The results of metaproteomic and metagenomic showed that most of the functional microorganisms belonged to the Betaproteobacteria class, and the enrichment of Flavobacteria class in winter guaranteed the stability of denitrification performance to some extent. Seasonal variations affected the proteomic expression profiling, a total of 2835 differentially expressed proteins identified were significantly enriched in quorum sensing, two-component system, ribosome, benzoate degradation, butanoate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways. With the expression of nitrogen metabolic proteins decreases in winter, the overall expression of denitrification-related enzymes in winter was much lower than that in summer, the nitrogen metabolism pathway varied significantly. Seasonal variations also induced the alteration of the biofilm metabolite profile; a total of 66 differential metabolites, 8 potential biomarkers, and 8 perturbed metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle were detected. It was found that most of the perturbed pathways are directly related to nitrogen metabolism, and several amino acids and organic acids associated with the TCA cycle were significantly perturbed, the accumulation of TCA cycle intermediates, ornithine, and L-histidine in winter might be conducive to resisting cold temperatures. Furthermore, the correlation between biofilm microbial communities and metabolites was identified by the combined analysis of metabolomic and metaproteomic. The differences of microbial community structure, function, and metabolism between winter and summer in a full-scale pre-denitrification biofilter were revealed for the first time, strengthening our understanding of the microbial ecology of biofilm communities.
采用多组学技术研究了城市污水处理厂生物膜群落的季节变化。2019年7月夏季和2019年1月冬季样本中，微生物主要门类的丰度差异显著，拟杆菌门在冬季富集，绿弯菌门在夏季富集。宏蛋白质组学和宏基因组学结果表明，大多数功能微生物属于β-变形菌纲，冬季黄杆菌纲的富集在一定程度上保证了反硝化性能的稳定性。季节变化影响蛋白质组表达谱，共鉴定出2835个差异表达蛋白，这些蛋白在群体感应、双组分系统、核糖体、苯甲酸降解、丁酸代谢、三羧酸循环（TCA循环）以及半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢途径中显著富集。随着冬季氮代谢蛋白表达下降，冬季反硝化相关酶的整体表达远低于夏季，氮代谢途径变化显著。季节变化还导致生物膜代谢物谱的改变；共检测到66种差异代谢物、8种潜在生物标志物以及8条受干扰的代谢途径，如TCA循环。发现大多数受干扰的途径与氮代谢直接相关，与TCA循环相关的几种氨基酸和有机酸受到显著干扰，冬季TCA循环中间体鸟氨酸和L-组氨酸的积累可能有助于抵御低温。此外，通过代谢组学和宏蛋白质组学的联合分析确定了生物膜微生物群落与代谢物之间的相关性。首次揭示了全尺寸前置反硝化生物滤池中冬季和夏季生物膜微生物群落结构、功能和代谢的差异，加深了我们对生物膜群落微生物生态学的理解。
