University of Bradford, UK.
State University of New York at Plattsburgh, USA.
Int J Paleopathol. 2022 Dec;39:93-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.10.002. Epub 2022 Nov 3.
this research seeks to investigate the impact the industrial revolution had on the population of England.
Pre-existing skeletal data from 1154 pre-Industrial (1066-1700 CE) and 4157 industrial (1700-1905) skeletons from 21 cemeteries (N = 5411).
Context number, sex, age-at-death, stature and presence/absence of selected pathological conditions were collated. The data were compared using chi square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-tests and logistic regression (α = 0.01).
There was a statistically significant increase in cribra orbitalia, periosteal reactions, rib lesions, fractures, rickets, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, enamel hypoplasia, dental caries and periapical lesions in the industrial period. Osteomyelitis decreased from the pre-industrial to industrial period.
Our results confirm the industrial revolution had a significant negative impact on human health, however the prevalence of TB, treponemal disease, maxillary sinusitis, osteomalacia, scurvy, gout and DISH did not change, suggesting these diseases were not impacted by the change in environmental conditions.
This is the largest study of health in the industrial revolution that includes non-adults and adults and considers age-at-death alongside disease status to date. This data supports the hypothesis that the rise of industry was associated with a significant decline in general health, but not an increase in all pathological conditions.
本研究旨在探讨工业革命对英格兰人口的影响。
来自 21 个墓地的 1154 具前工业化时期（1066-1700 年）和 4157 具工业化时期（1700-1905 年）骨骼的现有骨骼数据（N=5411）。
整理了背景数量、性别、死亡时的年龄、身高以及选定病理状况的存在/缺失情况。使用卡方检验、柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验、t 检验和逻辑回归（α=0.01）比较数据。
在工业化时期，眶骨板上有孔、骨膜反应、肋骨损伤、骨折、佝偻病、骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、牙釉质发育不全、龋齿和根尖周病变的发生率明显增加。与前工业化时期相比，骨髓炎的发生率从工业化时期下降。
我们的结果证实工业革命对人类健康产生了重大负面影响，但结核病、梅毒、上颌窦炎、骨软化症、坏血病、痛风和 DISH 的患病率并未改变，表明这些疾病不受环境条件变化的影响。
这是迄今为止对工业革命健康状况进行的最大规模研究，包括非成年人和成年人，并考虑了死亡时的年龄和疾病状况。这些数据支持了这样一种假设，即工业的兴起与整体健康状况的显著下降有关，但并非所有病理状况都有所增加。
