Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Curr Drug Res Rev. 2023;15(2):101-104. doi: 10.2174/2589977515666221104152641.
Personalized medicine (PM) is about developing an individualized approach to each patient's illness. Understanding how a patient's genomic portfolio renders them prone to various diseases may be enhanced by discovering genetic, epigenetic, and medical evidence. Medical therapy that is safe and effective for specific individuals may be predicted using the PM approach, which is a complete expansion of an older methodology (One-Size-Fits-All). Patient's well-being and longevity may improve and costs are reduced if PM is used. Using existing biomarkers and early genome and epigenomic processes to better understand PM may lead to earlier diagnosis of the disease, including carcinogenesis. A key focus of the PM technique is preventative medicine, which emphasizes proactive actions rather than depending only on reactive ones. More intrusive procedures may be avoided or postponed using this technique, resulting in a higher quality of life and lower financial burdens for patients. End-of-life care costs are putting a strain on governmentfunded healthcare systems across the globe, notably in the United States. When used in conjunction with present treatments, PM may help them work better and lessen the disadvantages of just non-PM methods. Using genetic profiling, doctors may choose a drug based on a participant's genetic profile that minimizes unwanted side effects and ensures a better result while also being less costly than a 'trial-and-error' approach to sickness treatment. The less effective non- PM ('trial-and-error') strategy leads to drug toxicity, severe adverse effects, reactive treatment, and misdiagnosis. PM and proactive therapeutic regimens should be used more often to save costs and enhance overall well-being.
个性化医学(PM)是指针对每个患者的疾病制定个体化的治疗方法。通过发现遗传、表观遗传和医学证据,可以更好地了解患者的基因组组合如何使他们易患各种疾病。PM 方法可以预测针对特定个体安全有效的医疗方法,这是对更老的方法(一刀切)的全面扩展。如果使用 PM,患者的健康和寿命可能会得到改善,成本也会降低。利用现有的生物标志物和早期的基因组和表观基因组过程来更好地理解 PM,可以更早地诊断疾病,包括癌症的发生。PM 技术的一个关键重点是预防医学,它强调主动行动,而不仅仅依赖于被动行动。通过这种技术,可以避免或推迟更具侵入性的程序,从而提高患者的生活质量并降低其经济负担。临终关怀费用给全球政府资助的医疗保健系统带来了压力,尤其是在美国。PM 与现有治疗方法结合使用时,可以帮助它们更好地发挥作用,并减少非 PM 方法的缺点。医生可以根据参与者的基因谱,使用基因谱来选择药物,从而最大限度地减少不必要的副作用,并确保更好的结果,同时比针对疾病治疗的“试错”方法成本更低。效果较差的非 PM(“试错”)策略会导致药物毒性、严重不良反应、反应性治疗和误诊。为了节省成本和提高整体健康水平,应该更频繁地使用 PM 和主动治疗方案。