O'Leary Thomas J, Perrett Caitlin, Coombs Charlotte V, Double Rebecca L, Keay Nicky, Wardle Sophie L, Greeves Julie P
Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom.
UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, London, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 19;9:984541. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.984541. eCollection 2022.
Female athletes are at increased risk of menstrual disturbances. The prevalence of menstrual disturbances in British Servicewomen and the associated risk factors is unknown. All women under 45 years in the UK Armed Forces were invited to complete a survey about demographics, menstrual function, eating and exercise behaviors, and psychological well-being. 3,022 women participated; 18% had oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea in the last 12 months, 25% had a history of amenorrhoea, and 14% had delayed menarche. Women who sleep ≥ 8 h were at a lower risk of a history of amenorrhoea than women who sleep ≤ 5 h [odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) = 0.65 (0.48, 0.89), = 0.006]. Women who completed > 10 days of field exercise in the last 12 months were at higher risk of a history of amenorrhoea than women completing no field exercise [1.45 (1.13, 1.85), = 0.004]. Women at high risk of an eating disorder (FAST score >94) were at higher risk of oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea [1.97 (1.26, 3.04), = 0.002] and history of amenorrhoea [2.14 (1.63, 2.79), < 0.001]. Women with symptoms of anxiety or depression were at higher risk of a history of amenorrhoea [1.46 (1.20, 1.77) and 1.48 (1.22, 1.79), < 0.001]. British Servicewomen had a similar prevalence of menstrual disturbances to some endurance athletes. Eating disorders, sleep behaviors, and management of mental health, provide targets for protecting health of the reproductive axis.
女性运动员月经紊乱的风险更高。英国女军人月经紊乱的患病率及相关风险因素尚不清楚。英国武装部队中所有45岁以下的女性都被邀请完成一项关于人口统计学、月经功能、饮食和运动行为以及心理健康的调查。3022名女性参与了调查；18%的女性在过去12个月中出现月经过少或闭经，25%的女性有闭经史，14%的女性初潮延迟。睡眠≥8小时的女性闭经史的风险低于睡眠≤5小时的女性[优势比（95%置信区间）=0.65（0.48，0.89），P=0.006]。在过去12个月中完成超过10天野外训练的女性闭经史的风险高于未完成野外训练的女性[1.45（1.13，1.85），P=0.004]。饮食失调高风险女性（快速筛查得分>94）月经过少或闭经的风险更高[1.97（1.26，3.04），P=0.002]以及闭经史的风险更高[2.14（1.63，2.79），P<0.001]。有焦虑或抑郁症状的女性闭经史的风险更高[1.46（1.20，1.77）和1.48（1.22，1.79），P<0.001]。英国女军人月经紊乱的患病率与一些耐力运动员相似。饮食失调、睡眠行为和心理健康管理为保护生殖轴健康提供了目标。
