Luo Hong, Yu Zhen, Li Ju, Wang Yujie, Shi Xiaopan, Luo Dan, Chen Jie, Yang Bing Xiang
School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 21;13:1026905. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1026905. eCollection 2022.
This longitudinal study aimed to identify the trajectories and the predictors among sociodemographic and psychosocial variables at baseline of vicarious traumatization (VT) in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A total of 544 Chinese college students enrolled in a public University in central China, majored in Clinical Medicine, Nursing, Musicology, Physics, etc., participated in this longitudinal study lasting 19 months. Three-wave (wave 1: February 2020; wave 2: November 2020; wave 3: September 2021) of data were collected. Resourcefulness Scale and the 10-item Kessler scale (K10) were only assessed in the first-wave survey, and the Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was repeatedly measured in all three-wave surveys. A link to an online survey created by Questionnaire Star (https://www.wjx.cn/) was sent to the students to collect data. The Growth mixture modeling (GMM) and multiple logistic regression were used to identify the trajectories of VT and predictors for the distinct trajectories.
The incidence of VT at each wave varied from 9.9% at wave 1, 4.0% at wave 2, to 2.6% at wave 3. Three trajectories of VT were the medium-level escalating group (3.0%), medium-level maintaining group (32.3%), and the low-level descending group (64.7%). Seniors (OR = 1.575, 95% CI: 1.059-2.341; OR = 1.161, 95% CI: 1.043-1.293) and those with poor mental health status (OR = 1.101, 95% CI: 1.030-1.177; OR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.060-1.106) at baseline were more likely to be classified into the medium-level escalating group and medium-level maintaining group, respectively. Additionally, females (OR = 3.601, 95% CI: 1.311-9.887) were more likely to be included in the medium-level escalating group.
Targeted psychological interventions are urgently needed for students vulnerable to VT. Further studies with more representative samples, longer period of follow-up, and predictors based on scientific theoretical framework, are needed to update the findings.
本纵向研究旨在确定新冠疫情期间中国大学生替代性创伤（VT）基线时社会人口统计学和心理社会变量中的轨迹及预测因素。
共有544名就读于中国中部一所公立大学、专业为临床医学、护理学、音乐学、物理学等的中国大学生参与了这项为期19个月的纵向研究。收集了三波数据（第1波：2020年2月；第2波：2020年11月；第3波：2021年9月）。智谋量表和10项凯斯勒量表（K10）仅在第一波调查中进行评估，事件量表修订版（IES-R）在所有三波调查中重复测量。通过问卷星（https://www.wjx.cn/）创建的在线调查问卷链接发送给学生以收集数据。采用增长混合模型（GMM）和多元逻辑回归来确定VT的轨迹以及不同轨迹的预测因素。
每一波的VT发生率从第1波的9.9%、第2波的4.0%到第3波的2.6%不等。VT的三种轨迹分别是中等水平上升组（3.0%）、中等水平维持组（32.3%）和低水平下降组（64.7%）。高年级学生（OR = 1.575，95% CI：1.059 - 2.341；OR = 1.161，95% CI：1.043 - 1.293）和基线时心理健康状况较差的学生（OR = 1.101，95% CI：1.030 - 1.177；OR = 1.083，95% CI：1.060 - 1.106）分别更有可能被归类为中等水平上升组和中等水平维持组。此外，女性（OR = 3.601，95% CI：1.311 - 9.887）更有可能被纳入中等水平上升组。
易受VT影响的学生迫切需要有针对性的心理干预。需要进一步开展研究，采用更具代表性的样本、更长的随访期以及基于科学理论框架的预测因素，以更新研究结果。
