Esterhuizen Maranda, von Wolff Marya Anne, Kim Young Jun, Pflugmacher Stephan
University of Helsinki, Aquatic Ecotoxicology in an Urban Environment, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland.
Helsinki Institute of Sustainability (HELSUS), Fabianinkatu 33, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Heliyon. 2022 Oct 25;8(10):e11237. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11237. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Urbanization and population growth demand the construction of structures to facilitate the need for space, and old infrastructures must make space for new ones leading to demolition and concrete debris. In addition to demolition, aging and weather are factors leading to concrete deterioration and, thus, a new challenge as an environmental pollutant. Studies on how concrete debris and leachate affect biota in the environment are limited. The present study aimed to understand the effects of leachate from various sizes of concrete debris on the three oligochaete species , , and . Acute toxicity testing was carried out to determine the adverse effects over time. The oligochaetes' survival was monitored as well as the activity of the biotransformation enzyme glutathione S-transferase and the antioxidative enzyme catalase as indicators of the oxidative stress status. Leachate from the smallest concrete particle size (<1 mm) was found to be the most toxic as it caused, on average, 6-fold increased oligochaete mortality compared to the larger pieces (2-5 cm) after 96 h of exposure, potentially due to the larger surface area facilitating the release of toxicants. Substrate buffered the toxic effect of the leachate with 42 ± 12% fewer mortalities and reduced adverse effects on the enzymes. Of the three oligochaetes, was the most resilient to the concrete leachate. The study is the first to investigate the effects of concrete leachate on oligochaetes.
城市化和人口增长需要建造建筑物以满足空间需求，旧基础设施必须为新设施腾出空间，从而导致拆除和混凝土碎片产生。除拆除外，老化和天气也是导致混凝土劣化的因素，因此混凝土作为一种环境污染物带来了新的挑战。关于混凝土碎片和渗滤液如何影响环境中的生物群的研究有限。本研究旨在了解不同尺寸混凝土碎片的渗滤液对三种寡毛纲物种（ 、 和 ）的影响。进行急性毒性测试以确定随时间的不利影响。监测寡毛纲动物的存活率以及生物转化酶谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶的活性，作为氧化应激状态的指标。发现最小混凝土粒径（<1毫米）的渗滤液毒性最大，因为在暴露96小时后，与较大碎片（2 - 5厘米）相比，它平均导致寡毛纲动物死亡率增加6倍，这可能是由于更大的表面积便于有毒物质的释放。底物缓冲了渗滤液的毒性作用，死亡率降低了42±12%，并减少了对酶的不利影响。在这三种寡毛纲动物中， 对混凝土渗滤液最具抵抗力。该研究首次调查了混凝土渗滤液对寡毛纲动物的影响。
