Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 1;858(Pt 2):159838. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159838. Epub 2022 Nov 4.
The dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 in aquatic environments via the discharge of domestic and hospital sewage has been confirmed in different locations. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible impacts of zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposure to SARS-CoV-2 peptide fragments (PSPD-2001, 2002, and 2003) alone and combined with a mix of emerging pollutants. Our data did not reveal the induction of behavioral, biometric, or mutagenic changes. But we noticed an organ-dependent biochemical response. While nitric oxide and malondialdehyde production in the brain, gills, and muscle did not differ between groups, superoxide dismutase activity was reduced in the "PSPD", "Mix", and "Mix+PSPD" groups. An increase in catalase activity and a reduction in DPPH radical scavenging activity were observed in the brains of animals exposed to the treatments. However, the "Mix+PSPD" group had a higher IBRv2 value, with NO levels (brain), the reduction of acetylcholinesterase activity (muscles), and the DPPH radical scavenging activity (brain and muscles), the most discriminant factors for this group. The principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis indicated a clear separation of the "Mix+PSPD" group from the others. Thus, we conclude that exposure to viral fragments, associated with the mix of pollutants, induced more significant toxicity in zebrafish adults than in others.
已在不同地点确认通过排放家庭和医院污水使 SARS-CoV-2 在水生环境中传播。因此，我们旨在评估单独接触 SARS-CoV-2 肽片段（PSPD-2001、2002 和 2003）以及接触新兴污染物混合物对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的可能影响。我们的数据并未显示出诱导行为、生物计量或致突变变化。但是，我们注意到了器官依赖性生化反应。虽然各组之间脑、鳃和肌肉中的一氧化氮和丙二醛生成没有差异，但超氧化物歧化酶活性在“PSPD”、“混合物”和“混合物+PSPD”组中降低。暴露于处理物的动物的大脑中观察到过氧化氢酶活性增加和 DPPH 自由基清除活性降低。然而，“混合物+PSPD”组具有更高的 IBRv2 值，其具有较高的 NO 水平（脑）、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低（肌肉）和 DPPH 自由基清除活性（脑和肌肉），是该组的最具区分力的因素。主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析表明，“混合物+PSPD”组与其他组明显分开。因此，我们得出结论，与污染物混合物相关的病毒片段暴露使成年斑马鱼的毒性比其他组更显著。
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