Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies (LabRisk), Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Nov 20;848:157665. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157665. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an alternative model system for drug screening, developing new products, and assessing ecotoxic effects of pollutants and biomonitor species in environmental risk assessment. However, the history and current use of transgenic zebrafish lines in ecotoxicology and toxicology studies remain poorly explored. Thus, the present study aimed to summarize and discuss the existing data in the literature about the applications of transgenic zebrafish lines in ecotoxicology and toxicology. The articles were analyzed according to publication year, journal, geographic distribution, and collaborations. Also, the bioassays were evaluated according to the tested chemical, transgenic lines, development stage, biomarkers, and exposure conditions (i.e., concentration, time, type, and route of exposure). Revised data showed that constitutive transgenic lines are the main type of transgenic used in the studies, besides most of uses embryos and larvae under static conditions. Tg(fli1: EGFP) was the main transgenic line, while the GFP and EGFP were the main reporter proteins. Transgenic zebrafish stands out in assessing vasotoxicity, neurotoxicity, systemic toxicity, hepatoxicity, endocrine disruption, cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, ototoxicity, and pancreotoxicity. This review showed that transgenic zebrafish lines are emerging as a suitable in vivo model system for assessing the mechanism of action and toxicity of chemicals and new biotechnology products, and the effects of traditional and emerging pollutants.
斑马鱼（Danio rerio）是一种替代的药物筛选模型系统，用于开发新产品，并评估污染物的生态毒性效应以及在环境风险评估中作为生物监测物种。然而，转基因斑马鱼系在生态毒理学和毒理学研究中的历史和当前用途仍未得到充分探索。因此，本研究旨在总结和讨论有关转基因斑马鱼系在生态毒理学和毒理学研究中的应用的现有文献数据。根据发表年份、期刊、地理分布和合作情况对文章进行了分析。此外，还根据测试的化学物质、转基因系、发育阶段、生物标志物和暴露条件（即浓度、时间、类型和暴露途径）对生物测定进行了评估。经修订的数据表明，组成型转基因系是研究中使用的主要转基因类型，此外，大多数研究都在静态条件下使用胚胎和幼虫。Tg(fli1: EGFP)是主要的转基因系，而 GFP 和 EGFP 是主要的报告蛋白。转基因斑马鱼在评估血管毒性、神经毒性、全身毒性、肝毒性、内分泌干扰、心脏毒性、免疫毒性、血液毒性、耳毒性和胰腺毒性方面表现出色。本综述表明，转基因斑马鱼系作为一种合适的体内模型系统，可用于评估化学物质和新生物技术产品以及传统和新兴污染物的作用机制和毒性。
