Desalegn Belachew, Gebeyehu Desta, Tamirat Bimrew
Energy Center, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Wolaita Sodo University, P. O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2022 Oct 26;8(11):e11263. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11263. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Nowadays, engineers are toiling away to achieve the maximum possible wind energy harvesting with low costs through enhancing the performances of WECSs in efforts to realize the wind power future forecasts. In fact, achieving this is basically not an easy task due to the intricacies that partly stem from the stochastic nature of wind energy. Further, the efforts in this regard can also be impacted by the ongoing trends in various wind energy conversion-related technologies, and engineering approaches. Hence, the wind power optimization is determined depending on the types of WECS technologies, output power smoothing, and design development approaches that be employed. Currently, the variable speed operations-based WECS technologies are generally opted in wind farm applications. Meanwhile, power management system is the heart of a WECS, where smoothing output power with reducing costs could be implemented. On the other hand, the automated control strategies were reported in literatures to better optimize WECSs' performances particularly in terms of costs compared to ESS devices. On this basis, MBPC and hybrid control algorithms were commonly presented as the current state-of-the-art for systems modeling, whereas MBD was preferred to be an efficient and cost-saving approach for advanced development of automated control systems. This study aims to conduct comparative analyses on WECS technologies (with different generators, and PECs) based on their energy harvesting capability, cost-effectiveness, and advances in designs. Assessments of the approaches and strategies for smoothing power production are also presented. Finally, the study concludes that trends in PECs, automated control strategies and MBD are the most compelling.
如今，工程师们正在努力工作，通过提高风力发电系统（WECS）的性能，以低成本实现尽可能多的风能采集，努力实现风电未来预测。事实上，由于部分源于风能随机性的复杂性，实现这一目标基本上并非易事。此外，这方面的努力还会受到各种与风能转换相关技术和工程方法的当前趋势的影响。因此，风电优化取决于所采用的WECS技术类型、输出功率平滑以及设计开发方法。目前，基于变速运行的WECS技术在风电场应用中通常被选用。同时，功率管理系统是WECS的核心，在该系统中可以实现降低成本的输出功率平滑。另一方面，文献报道了自动控制策略，与储能系统（ESS）设备相比，该策略能更好地优化WECS的性能，特别是在成本方面。在此基础上，模型预测控制（MBPC）和混合控制算法通常被作为系统建模的当前先进技术，而模型基设计（MBD）则被认为是自动控制系统先进开发的一种高效且节省成本的方法。本研究旨在基于不同的发电机和电力电子变换器（PEC）的WECS技术，对其能量采集能力、成本效益和设计进展进行比较分析。同时还对平滑发电功率的方法和策略进行了评估。最后，研究得出结论，PEC、自动控制策略和MBD的发展趋势最引人注目。
