Guzman-Holst Adriana, Cervantes-Apolinar Maria Yolanda, Favila Juan Carlos Tinoco, Huerta-Garcia Gloria
Vaccines Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, GSK, 20 Avenue Fleming, Building WN23, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
Medical Affairs, GSK, Torre Mitikah Piso 19 y 20. Circuito Interior Avenida Río Churubusco 601, Col. Xoco, Alc. Benito Juárez, C.P. 03330, Mexico City, Mexico.
Infect Dis Ther. 2023 Jan;12(1):131-141. doi: 10.1007/s40121-022-00692-y. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
The risk of herpes zoster (HZ) increases with age. In countries with an ageing population such as Mexico, a rise in the risk of HZ and complications is expected. The goal of this study was to provide an updated estimate of the potential burden of HZ and associated complications in Mexico.
A retrospective database study was performed using data from the national surveillance database of the Ministry of Health (Secretaría de Salubridad y Asistencia/Dirección General de Información en Salud). HZ cases and associated complications were identified via the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes. Emergency room (ER) visits, hospitalizations, and deaths were extracted and analyzed by age group and year. The observation period was between 2011 and 2020 for ER visits and hospitalizations and between 2011 and 2019 for deaths. Cumulative incidence per 1000 people and case fatality rate were estimated.
During the observation period, 53,030 ER visits, 4172 hospitalizations, and 263 deaths due to HZ were reported nationwide. The cumulative incidence of HZ based on ER visits was 1.04 per 1000 people aged ≥ 50 years but increased in older age groups (1.47 per 1000 people aged ≥ 65 years). The most common complications were neuralgia (10.9%), ocular disease (7.0%), meningoencephalitis (2.9%), and disseminated disease (3.1%). Patients ≥ 65 years accounted for 37% of hospitalizations and 81% of deaths.
In Mexico, HZ and its complications impose a considerable burden on the population and the healthcare system. Prospective surveillance studies are required to obtain an accurate picture of the current epidemiology of HZ in Mexico and to estimate the benefits of future vaccination strategies against HZ.
带状疱疹（HZ）的风险随年龄增长而增加。在墨西哥等人口老龄化的国家，HZ及其并发症的风险预计将会上升。本研究的目的是提供墨西哥HZ及其相关并发症潜在负担的最新估计。
利用来自卫生部（卫生部/卫生信息总局）国家监测数据库的数据进行回顾性数据库研究。通过国际疾病分类第10版编码识别HZ病例及其相关并发症。按年龄组和年份提取并分析急诊室就诊、住院和死亡情况。急诊室就诊和住院的观察期为2011年至2020年，死亡的观察期为2011年至2019年。估计每1000人的累积发病率和病死率。
在观察期内，全国共报告了53030例因HZ导致的急诊室就诊、4172例住院和263例死亡。基于急诊室就诊情况，≥50岁人群中HZ的累积发病率为每1000人1.04例，但在老年人群中有所增加（≥65岁人群中为每1000人1.47例）。最常见的并发症是神经痛（10.9%）、眼部疾病（7.0%）、脑膜脑炎（2.9%）和播散性疾病（3.1%）。≥65岁的患者占住院病例的37%和死亡病例的81%。
在墨西哥，HZ及其并发症给民众和医疗保健系统带来了相当大的负担。需要进行前瞻性监测研究，以准确了解墨西哥HZ的当前流行病学情况，并估计未来针对HZ的疫苗接种策略的益处。
