Xing Rui, Zhang Hai-Chen, Gao Qing-Bo, Zhang Fa-Qi, Chi Xiao-Feng, Chen Shi-Long
Key Laboratory of Adaptation, and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 59 Xiguan Avenue, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, People's Republic of China.
Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, China.
Int Microbiol. 2023 May;26(2):231-242. doi: 10.1007/s10123-022-00286-1. Epub 2022 Nov 9.
Fungi capable of producing fruit bodies are essential food and medicine resources. Despite recent advances in the study of microbial communities in mycorrhizospheres, little is known about the bacterial communities contained in fruit bodies. Using high-throughput sequencing, we investigated the bacterial communities in four species of mushrooms located on the alpine meadow and saline-alkali soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Proteobacteria (51.7% on average) and Actinobacteria (28.2% on average) were the dominant phyla in all of the sampled fairy ring fruit bodies, and Acidobacteria (27.5% on average) and Proteobacteria (25.7% on average) dominated their adjacent soils. For the Agria. Bitorquis, Actinobacteria was the dominant phylum in its fruit body (67.5% on average) and adjacent soils (65.9% on average). The alpha diversity (i.e., Chao1, Shannon, Richness, and Simpson indexes) of the bacterial communities in the fruit bodies were significantly lower than those in the soil samples. All of the fungi shared more than half of their bacterial phyla and 16.2% of their total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with their adjacent soil. Moreover, NH and pH were the key factors associated with bacterial communities in the fruit bodies and soils, respectively. These results indicate that the fungi tend to create a unique niche that selects for specific members of the bacterial community. Using culture-dependent methods, we also isolated 27 bacterial species belonging to three phyla and five classes from fruit bodies and soils. The strains isolated will be useful for future research on interactions between mushroom-forming fungi and their bacterial endosymbionts.
能够产生子实体的真菌是重要的食物和药物资源。尽管菌根际微生物群落的研究最近取得了进展，但对子实体中所含细菌群落却知之甚少。我们利用高通量测序技术，调查了青藏高原高寒草甸和盐碱土上四种蘑菇的细菌群落。在所有采样的仙女环蘑菇子实体中，变形菌门（平均51.7%）和放线菌门（平均28.2%）是优势菌门，而嗜酸菌门（平均27.5%）和变形菌门（平均25.7%）在其相邻土壤中占主导地位。对于高环柄菇，放线菌门在其子实体（平均67.5%）和相邻土壤（平均65.9%）中是优势菌门。子实体中细菌群落的α多样性（即Chao1、香农、丰富度和辛普森指数）显著低于土壤样品中的α多样性。所有真菌与其相邻土壤共享一半以上的细菌门和16.2%的总操作分类单元（OTU）。此外，NH和pH分别是与子实体和土壤中细菌群落相关的关键因素。这些结果表明，真菌倾向于创造一个独特的生态位，选择特定的细菌群落成员。我们还采用依赖培养的方法，从子实体和土壤中分离出属于三个门和五个纲的27种细菌。分离出的菌株将有助于今后对形成蘑菇的真菌与其细菌内共生体之间相互作用的研究。
