Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 8;12(11):990. doi: 10.3390/bios12110990.
In this study, a selective 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) sensor was developed onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as an electron-sensing substrate, which decorated with sol-gel, prepared Pt nanoparticles- (NPs) embedded polypyrole-carbon black (PPy-CB)/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) using differential pulse voltammetry. Characterizations of the NCs were performed using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The GCE modified by conducting coating binders [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate; PEDOT:PSS] based on Pt NPs/PPy-CB/ZnO NCs functioned as the working electrode and showed selectivity toward 4-NP in a phosphate buffer medium at pH 7.0. Our analysis of 4-NP showed the linearity from 1.5 to 40.5 µM, which was identified as the linear detection range (LDR). A current versus concentration plot was formed and showed a regression co-efficient R of 0.9917, which can be expressed by i(µA) = 0.2493C(µM) + 15.694. The 4-NP sensor sensitivity was calculated using the slope of the LDR, considering the surface area of the GCE (0.0316 cm). The sensitivity was calculated as 7.8892 µAµMcm. The LOD (limit of detection) of the 4-NP was calculated as 1.25 ± 0.06 µM, which was calculated from 3xSD/σ (SD: Standard deviation of blank response; σ: Slope of the calibration curve). Limit of quantification (LOQ) is also calculated as 3.79 µM from LOQ = 10xLOD/3.3. Sensor parameters such as reproducibility, response time, and analyzing stability were outstanding. Therefore, this novel approach can be broadly used to safely fabricate selective 4-NP sensors based on nanoparticle-decorated nanocomposite materials in environmental measurement.
在这项研究中，一种选择性的 4-硝基苯酚（4-NP）传感器被开发出来，作为电子感应基底，修饰在玻碳电极（GCE）上，使用差分脉冲伏安法制备了溶胶-凝胶，嵌入了 Pt 纳米粒子（NPs）的聚吡咯-碳黑（PPy-CB）/氧化锌纳米复合材料（NCs）。NCs 的特性使用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、能量色散光谱（EDS）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）和 X 射线衍射分析（XRD）进行了表征。基于 Pt NPs/PPy-CB/ZnO NCs 的导电涂层结合物[聚（3,4-乙二氧基噻吩）聚苯乙烯磺酸盐；PEDOT：PSS]修饰的 GCE 作为工作电极，在 pH 7.0 的磷酸盐缓冲介质中对 4-NP 表现出选择性。我们对 4-NP 的分析显示，线性范围从 1.5 到 40.5 µM，这被确定为线性检测范围（LDR）。形成了电流与浓度的关系图，并显示出回归系数 R 为 0.9917，可以表示为 i(µA) = 0.2493C(µM) + 15.694。4-NP 传感器的灵敏度是通过 LDR 的斜率计算出来的，考虑到 GCE 的表面积（0.0316 cm）。灵敏度计算为 7.8892 µAµMcm。4-NP 的 LOD（检测限）计算为 1.25 ± 0.06 µM，这是从 3xSD/σ（SD：空白响应的标准偏差；σ：校准曲线的斜率）计算得出的。LOQ（定量限）也计算为 3.79 µM，从 LOQ = 10xLOD/3.3 得出。传感器参数，如重现性、响应时间和分析稳定性都很出色。因此，这种新方法可以广泛用于基于纳米粒子修饰的纳米复合材料安全制备环境测量中的选择性 4-NP 传感器。
