Finch Sarah C, Hawkes Allan D, Fitzgerald Joan M, Broadhurst Ric B, Staincliffe Maryann R, Munday John S
AgResearch Limited, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Oct 28;8(11):1139. doi: 10.3390/jof8111139.
Fungal endophytes in perennial ryegrass are essential to New Zealand's pastoral system due to anti-insect effects. However, endophytes also produce compounds which can be detrimental to animals. Furthermore, as these toxins have been detected in the milk and fat of animals grazing common-toxic (containing lolitrem B) or AR37 endophyte-infected herbage they could enter the human food chain. To assess the risk to human health mice were fed for 90 days with three dose rates of lolitrem B and of AR37. Parameters indicative of animal health were measured as well as chemical, hematological and histological analysis of samples collected on day 90. Since endophyte toxin residues have been detected in milk, they could be transferred from mother to offspring via breast milk. To evaluate possible effects on reproduction two complete generations of mice were fed lolitrem B or AR37. At the dose rates given no adverse effects were observed in either study. The 100-fold safety factor to allow the use of animal data in human health assessments was applied and by considering the concentrations of lolitrem B or AR37 metabolites which could be ingested by a consumer it is highly unlikely that they pose any risk to human health.
由于具有抗虫作用，多年生黑麦草中的真菌内生菌对新西兰的放牧系统至关重要。然而，内生菌也会产生对动物有害的化合物。此外，由于在食用普通毒性（含洛替米B）或AR37内生菌感染牧草的动物的牛奶和脂肪中检测到了这些毒素，它们可能会进入人类食物链。为了评估对人类健康的风险，用三种剂量率的洛替米B和AR37喂养小鼠90天。测量了指示动物健康的参数，并对第90天采集的样本进行了化学、血液学和组织学分析。由于在牛奶中检测到了内生菌毒素残留，它们可能会通过母乳从母体转移到后代。为了评估对繁殖的可能影响，用洛替米B或AR37喂养了两代完整的小鼠。在给定的剂量率下，两项研究均未观察到不良影响。应用了100倍的安全系数以将动物数据用于人类健康评估，并通过考虑消费者可能摄入的洛替米B或AR37代谢物的浓度，它们极不可能对人类健康构成任何风险。
