College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
Energy Saving & Environmental Protection & Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 10;859(Pt 1):160035. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160035. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
The conservation of forest ecosystems and the enhancement of carbon sequestration capacity play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and human development. However, with excessive deforestation, the flow of energy and information within the ecosystem has changed, which in turn has led to changes in the topological properties and carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems. In order to better investigate the nature and carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecological space in mainland China during 2000-2018, we constructed a time-series Chinese forest ecological spatial network based on complex network theory and graph theory, combined with the modified minimal cumulative resistance model (MCR). By combining the net primary productivity (NPP) values obtained from the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) model of existing scholars, we further explored the relationship between topology and carbon sequestration capacity within forest ecosystems, and proposed strategies and suggestions for optimization. The results show that forest ecological sources and ecological corridors showed an increasing trend and resistance values decreased year by year during 2000-2018, especially in the western region, indicating that ecological restoration projects in western China have achieved certain effects. However, the stability of forest ecosystems has been decreasing year by year, and the forest carbon sequestration capacity in western China is also decreasing. Through correlation analysis, we found that carbon sequestration capacity showed highly significant positive correlation with closeness centrality, harmonic closeness centrality, clustering, and eigen centrality, and carbon sequestration capacity showed highly significant negative correlation with betweeness centrality. Through Principal Components Analysis (PCA), we suggest that consolidating small patches in the northeast, reducing the number of redundant ecological corridors, adding stepping stone patches to shorten the length of ecological corridors, and increasing ecological corridors in non-northeast areas are conducive to enhancing plant carbon sequestration capacity. This study provides theoretical support and ecological engineering recommendations for China to achieve its strategic goals of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking.
森林生态系统的保护和增强碳固存能力对于维持生态平衡和人类发展至关重要。然而，由于过度砍伐森林，生态系统内的能量和信息流发生了变化，进而导致森林生态系统的拓扑性质和碳固存能力发生了变化。为了更好地研究 2000-2018 年中国大陆森林生态空间的性质和碳固存能力，我们基于复杂网络理论和图论构建了一个时间序列的中国森林生态空间网络，结合改进的最小累积阻力模型（MCR）。通过结合现有学者的北方生态系统生产力模拟器（BEPS）模型获得的净初级生产力（NPP）值，我们进一步探讨了森林生态系统内拓扑结构与碳固存能力之间的关系，并提出了优化策略和建议。结果表明，2000-2018 年期间，森林生态源和生态廊道呈上升趋势，阻力值逐年下降，尤其是在西部地区，表明中国西部的生态恢复项目已取得一定成效。然而，森林生态系统的稳定性却逐年下降，中国西部的森林碳固存能力也在下降。通过相关性分析，我们发现碳固存能力与接近中心度、调和接近中心度、聚类系数和特征向量中心度呈高度显著正相关，与中间中心度呈高度显著负相关。通过主成分分析（PCA），我们建议巩固东北地区的小斑块，减少冗余生态廊道的数量，增加踏脚石斑块以缩短生态廊道的长度，并增加非东北地区的生态廊道，这有利于增强植物的碳固存能力。本研究为中国实现碳中和和碳峰值的战略目标提供了理论支持和生态工程建议。
