Meza-Villezcas Anaid, Carballo-Castañeda Rommel A, Moreno-Ulloa Aldo, Huerta-Saquero Alejandro
Departamento de Bionanotecnología, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico.
Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Nov 2;11(11):1534. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11111534.
causes cholera and can switch between planktonic and biofilm lifeforms, where biofilm formation enhances transmission, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. Due to antibiotic microbial resistance, new antimicrobials including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being studied. Nevertheless, little is known about the metabolic changes exerted by AgNPs on both microbial lifeforms. Our objective was to evaluate the changes in the metabolomic profile of planktonic and biofilm cells in response to sublethal concentrations of AgNPs using MS2 untargeted metabolomics and chemoinformatics. A total of 690 metabolites were quantified among all groups. More metabolites were significantly modulated in planktonic cells ( = 71) compared to biofilm ( = 37) by the treatment. The chemical class profiles were distinct for both planktonic and biofilm, suggesting a phenotype-dependent metabolic response to the nanoparticles. Chemical enrichment analysis showed altered abundances of oxidized fatty acids (FA), saturated FA, phosphatidic acids, and saturated stearic acid in planktonic cells treated with AgNPs, which hints at a turnover of the membrane. In contrast, no chemical classes were enriched in the biofilm. In conclusion, this study suggests that the response of to silver nanoparticles is phenotype-dependent and that planktonic cells experience a lipid remodeling process, possibly related to an adaptive mechanism involving the cell membrane.
可引发霍乱，并能在浮游生物和生物膜两种生命形式之间转换，生物膜的形成会增强传播、毒力和抗生素耐药性。由于抗生素微生物耐药性问题，包括银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）在内的新型抗菌剂正在被研究。然而，关于AgNPs对这两种微生物生命形式所产生的代谢变化却知之甚少。我们的目标是使用MS2非靶向代谢组学和化学信息学，评估亚致死浓度的AgNPs对浮游生物和生物膜细胞代谢组图谱的影响。所有组中共定量了690种代谢物。与生物膜组（37种）相比，处理后浮游生物细胞中有更多代谢物受到显著调节（71种）。浮游生物和生物膜的化学类别图谱各不相同，表明对纳米颗粒存在表型依赖性代谢反应。化学富集分析显示，在用AgNPs处理的浮游生物细胞中，氧化脂肪酸（FA）、饱和FA、磷脂酸和饱和硬脂酸的丰度发生了变化，这暗示着膜的更新。相比之下，生物膜中没有化学类别出现富集。总之，本研究表明，对银纳米颗粒的反应具有表型依赖性，浮游生物细胞经历了脂质重塑过程，这可能与涉及细胞膜的适应性机制有关。
