Masoumi Pour Mohammad Mahdi, Foroudi Farhad, Karimi Naser, Abedini Mohammad Reza, Karimi Kazem
Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin 33817-74895, Iran.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;12(21):3059. doi: 10.3390/ani12213059.
Hypocalcaemia is an important disorder associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases, and many studies have been going on for decades. This study investigated the effects of anionic and zeolite with an oral Ca bolus in the prepartum phase on milk yields and compositions, and plasma Ca concentrations, blood metabolites and the prevalence of some reproductive disorders in dairy cows after parturition. Ninety pregnant non-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned to three isoenergetic diets and their counterparts using an oral Ca bolus: (1) Control (CON): low Ca (0.44%); (2) Anionic (ANI): high Ca (1.00%); (3) Zeolite (ZEO): low Ca (0.44%). The feed and energy intakes of the CON and ZEO groups were higher than the ANI group. The raw milk yield, Pr%, and feed efficiency did not differ between the groups, while the corrected milk yield, fat% and total corrected milk yield at 305 days differed between groups. Total plasma and the ionized Ca concentration of the ANI and ZEO groups, at calving time and in 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after that, were higher than in the CON group. The frequencies of hypocalcaemia and reproductive disorders in the ANI and ZEO groups were lower than in the CON. The blood metabolite levels in the CON group were higher than in other groups. In conclusion, the ANI and ZEO diets and their counterparts supplemented with an oral Ca bolus improved the milk production traits, plasma calcium and metabolites concentration and also effectively prevented reproductive disorders.
低钙血症是一种与代谢疾病风险增加相关的重要病症，数十年来已有许多相关研究。本研究调查了产前阶段口服钙丸剂的阴离子和沸石对奶牛产后产奶量和成分、血浆钙浓度、血液代谢物以及某些繁殖障碍患病率的影响。90头怀孕的非泌乳荷斯坦 - 弗里生奶牛被随机分配到三种等能量日粮组，并分别使用口服钙丸剂：（1）对照组（CON）：低钙（0.44%）；（2）阴离子组（ANI）：高钙（1.00%）；（3）沸石组（ZEO）：低钙（0.44%）。CON组和ZEO组的采食量和能量摄入量高于ANI组。各组间原料奶产量、乳蛋白率和饲料效率无差异，但305天的校正奶产量、乳脂率和总校正奶产量在组间存在差异。ANI组和ZEO组在产犊时以及之后6、12、24和48小时的总血浆和离子化钙浓度高于CON组。ANI组和ZEO组的低钙血症和繁殖障碍发生率低于CON组。CON组的血液代谢物水平高于其他组。总之，ANI和ZEO日粮及其对应的口服钙丸剂补充剂改善了产奶性能、血浆钙和代谢物浓度，还有效预防了繁殖障碍。
