Division of Community Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan.
Division of Medical Nutrition Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, 3-11-3 Setagaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154-8568, Japan.
Nutrients. 2022 Nov 4;14(21):4663. doi: 10.3390/nu14214663.
Approximately 20% of the community-dwelling Japanese elderly (≥65 years) experience falling annually, with injury frequency rising with age. Increased nursing home admission/hospitalization risk influences healthy aging and QOL. Nutrition for musculoskeletal health is necessary, though the relationship of falling with nutritional status in the elderly is largely unknown. We investigated falling incidents and nutritional status, including a Japanese-style diet in a community-dwelling cohort. Using a cross-sectional design, 186 subjects (median age 83.0 years, males/females 67/119) were analyzed. Oral and systemic health conditions were assessed. A brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) was given for nutritional status. Analysis of covariance (adjusted for gender, age, BMI, articular disease/osteoporosis history, present tooth number, educational level) and the Japanese-Mediterranean diet (jMD) score adapted for Japan were used. The jMD score and falling incidents were significantly associated, with point increases related to a significantly decreased falling risk of 28% (OR: 0.72; 95%CI: 0.57−0.91). Of the 13 jMD food components, fish, eggs, and potatoes had a significant relationship with reduced falling, while significant associations of intake of animal protein, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and cholesterol (p < 0.05) were also observed. The results suggest that the jMD dietary pattern is an important factor for the prevention of falling incidents in elderly individuals.
约 20%的日本社区居住老年人（≥65 岁）每年都会经历跌倒，且随着年龄的增长，受伤频率也会上升。增加入住养老院/住院的风险会影响健康老龄化和生活质量。骨骼肌肉健康的营养是必要的，尽管老年人跌倒与营养状况的关系在很大程度上尚未可知。我们调查了社区居住队列中的跌倒事件和营养状况，包括日本式饮食。使用横断面设计，分析了 186 名受试者（中位数年龄 83.0 岁，男性/女性 67/119）。评估了口腔和全身健康状况。给予简短的自我管理饮食史问卷（BDHQ）以评估营养状况。使用协方差分析（调整性别、年龄、BMI、关节疾病/骨质疏松症史、现有牙齿数、教育水平）和适用于日本的日本-地中海饮食（jMD）评分进行分析。jMD 评分与跌倒事件显著相关，分数增加与跌倒风险显著降低 28%相关（OR：0.72；95%CI：0.57-0.91）。在 13 种 jMD 食物成分中，鱼类、鸡蛋和土豆与跌倒减少有显著关系，而动物蛋白、钾、镁、锌和胆固醇的摄入量也有显著的相关性（p<0.05）。结果表明，jMD 饮食模式是预防老年人跌倒事件的重要因素。
