School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 6;22(21):8544. doi: 10.3390/s22218544.
Future wireless networks will be required to provide more wireless services at higher data rates and with global coverage. However, existing homogeneous wireless networks, such as cellular and satellite networks, may not be able to meet such requirements individually, especially in remote terrain, including seas and mountains. One possible solution is to use diversified wireless networks that can exploit the inter-connectivity between satellites, aerial base stations (BSs), and terrestrial BSs over inter-connected space, ground, and aerial networks. Hence, enabling wireless communication in one integrated network has attracted both the industry and the research fraternities. In this work, we provide a comprehensive survey of the most recent work on hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks (HSTNs), focusing on system architecture, performance analysis, design optimization, and secure communication schemes for different cooperative and cognitive HSTN network architectures. Different key technologies are compared. Based on this comparison, several open issues for future research are discussed.
未来的无线网络需要以更高的数据速率和全球覆盖范围提供更多的无线服务。然而，现有的同质无线网络，如蜂窝网络和卫星网络，可能无法单独满足这些要求，特别是在偏远地区，包括海洋和山区。一种可能的解决方案是使用多样化的无线网络，这些网络可以利用卫星、空中基站 (BS) 和地面 BS 之间的互联性，通过互联的空间、地面和空中网络进行通信。因此，实现一个集成网络中的无线通信引起了业界和研究界的关注。在这项工作中，我们对混合卫星-地面网络 (HSTN) 的最新工作进行了全面调查，重点研究了不同协作和认知 HSTN 网络架构的系统架构、性能分析、设计优化和安全通信方案。比较了不同的关键技术。在此基础上，讨论了未来研究的几个开放性问题。
