Li Rangling, Hao Hongyun, Yang Chengcai, Wang Liangju, Wang Hongying
College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 27;13:1008089. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1008089. eCollection 2022.
A large amount of rabbit manure is produced with the development of the rabbit industry, which will cause environmental pollution without proper treatment. Rabbit manure compost may be suitable for seedling cultivation, considering its low moisture, low heavy metal, high lignocellulose, and good fertilizer effect. In this study, a pre-proportioning test of growing media was conducted to optimize the ratio of perlite and vermiculite with peat/rabbit manure compost according to their physicochemical properties. Then, based on the results of the first proportioning optimization, the mixing ratio of rabbit manure compost and peat was further optimized using a bioassay. In this bioassay, salt-tolerant calendula ( L.) and salt-intolerant cucumber ( L.) were selected as test plants. The seedling effects (e.g., seedling emergence percentage, plant growth parameters, plant biomass, and nutrient effects) were evaluated. It was shown in the results that the rabbit manure compound growing media could be used for the seedlings, and suitable seedling performance was obtained with the increase of the total porosity (5.0%-61.2%), organic matter content (8.3%-39.9%), and nutrient elements from the rabbit manure compost. From the perspective of seedling emergence, there was no significant difference between rabbit manure compound media and peat treatment, in which the highest emergence percentages were >90%. At the same time, the nutrient performance of plant aboveground was significantly increased in rabbit manure compound growing media compared to peat treatment. In particular, the contents of P and Mg were increased by 31%-141.4% and 80.4%-107.8% for calendula and by 82.6%-117.4% and 35.1%-67.6% for cucumber, respectively. It was indicated in the two-step optimization that the rabbit manure compost proportion of 30%-50% (that is, 60%-100% instead of peat) was more suitable. Additionally, the greenhouse gas emission could be reduced by using rabbit manure compost replacing peat, and the greenhouse gas emission reduction potential would be 3.65 × 10-4.06 × 10 kg CO-equivalent/year in China, which has important ecological significance.
随着养兔业的发展，产生了大量兔粪，若处理不当会造成环境污染。考虑到兔粪堆肥水分含量低、重金属含量低、木质纤维素含量高且肥效好，其可能适合用于育苗。本研究进行了栽培基质预配比试验，根据珍珠岩、蛭石与泥炭/兔粪堆肥的理化性质优化其配比。然后，基于首次配比优化结果，采用生物测定法进一步优化兔粪堆肥与泥炭的混合比例。在该生物测定中，选择耐盐的金盏花和不耐盐的黄瓜作为试验植物。评估了育苗效果（如出苗率、植株生长参数、植物生物量和养分效应）。结果表明，兔粪复合栽培基质可用于育苗，随着总孔隙率（5.0%-61.2%）、有机质含量（8.3%-39.9%）以及兔粪堆肥中养分元素的增加，获得了适宜的育苗性能。从出苗情况来看，兔粪复合基质与泥炭处理之间无显著差异，其中最高出苗率均>90%。同时，与泥炭处理相比，兔粪复合栽培基质中植物地上部分的养分性能显著提高。特别是，金盏花的磷和镁含量分别增加了31%-141.4%和80.4%-107.8%，黄瓜的磷和镁含量分别增加了82.6%-117.4%和35.1%-67.6%。两步优化表明，兔粪堆肥比例为30%-50%（即替代60%-100%的泥炭）更为合适。此外，用兔粪堆肥替代泥炭可减少温室气体排放，在中国，温室气体减排潜力为3.65×10-4.06×10千克二氧化碳当量/年，具有重要的生态意义。
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