Yang Longyuan, Cao Hongliang, Yuan Qiaoxia, Luoa Shuai, Liu Zhigang
a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.
b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan , People's Republic of China.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2018 Mar;68(3):215-226. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2017.1368736.
Vermicomposting is a promising method to disposal dairy manures, and the dairy manure vermicompost (DMV) to replace expensive peat is of high value in the application of seedling compressed substrates. In this research, three main components: DMV, straw, and peat, are conducted in the compressed substrates, and the effect of individual components and the corresponding optimal ratio for the seedling production are significant. To address these issues, the simplex-centroid experimental mixture design is employed, and the cucumber seedling experiment is conducted to evaluate the compressed substrates. Results demonstrated that the mechanical strength and physicochemical properties of compressed substrates for cucumber seedling can be well satisfied with suitable mixture ratio of the components. Moreover, DMV, straw, and peat) could be determined at 0.5917:0.1608:0.2475 when the weight coefficients of the three parameters (shoot length, root dry weight, and aboveground dry weight) were 1:1:1. For different purpose, the optimum ratio can be little changed on the basis of different weight coefficients.
Compressed substrate is lump and has certain mechanical strength, produced by application of mechanical pressure to the seedling substrates. It will not harm seedlings when bedding out the seedlings, since the compressed substrate and seedling are bedded out together. However, there is no one using the vermicompost and agricultural waste components of compressed substrate for vegetable seedling production before. Thus, it is important to understand the effect of individual components to seedling production, and to determine the optimal ratio of components.
蚯蚓堆肥是处理奶牛粪便的一种很有前景的方法，用奶牛粪便蚯蚓堆肥（DMV）替代昂贵的泥炭在育苗压缩基质应用中具有很高价值。本研究在压缩基质中使用了三个主要成分：DMV、秸秆和泥炭，各成分的作用及育苗生产的相应最佳比例意义重大。为解决这些问题，采用单纯形重心实验混合设计，并进行黄瓜育苗实验以评估压缩基质。结果表明，通过各成分合适的混合比例能很好地满足黄瓜育苗压缩基质的机械强度和理化性质。此外，当三个参数（苗长、根干重和地上部干重）的权重系数为1:1:1时，DMV、秸秆和泥炭的比例可为0.5917:0.1608:0.2475。针对不同目的，基于不同权重系数，最佳比例会有微小变化。
压缩基质是通过对育苗基质施加机械压力制成的块状物，具有一定机械强度。移栽幼苗时，压缩基质和幼苗一起移栽，不会对幼苗造成伤害。然而，此前没有人将压缩基质中的蚯蚓堆肥和农业废弃物成分用于蔬菜育苗生产。因此，了解各成分对育苗生产的影响并确定成分的最佳比例很重要。
