Department of Social Welfare, UCLA Luskin of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Danlan Beijing Media Limited, Beijing, China.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2022 Dec;36(12):451-457. doi: 10.1089/apc.2022.0184. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
The COVID-19 pandemic has created additional barriers to accessing sexual health services among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in China. Yet, little is known about the frequency of HIV testing and how GBMSM get tested during the pandemic. We surveyed an online sample of GBMSM recruited on a gay networking app in China. Among 956 sexually active, 70.1% had received an HIV test in the past 6 months. Among these, 61.0% reported having undergone HIV self-testing (HIVST). Young GBMSM aged 18-24 years old were more likely to receive a recent HIV test, and the number of sexual partners was associated with recent HIV testing [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.20]. Among those who had a recent HIV test, young GBMSM and those who had anal sex with both main partner and casual partners were more likely to utilize HIVST (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.16-2.84), as well as GBMSM who did not use a condom the last time engaged in anal sex (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.06-2.34). Among GBMSM never tested for HIV, a majority perceived low risk of HIV, while some suggested that they did not know where to get tested or they were scared of finding out they had HIV. HIVST has the potential to fill the gap in HIV testing among Chinese GBMSM, and future HIV testing programs should emphasize HIV education, accurate information dissertation, and timely point-to-care services.
在中国，COVID-19 大流行给男同性恋者、双性恋者和其他与男性发生性关系的男性（GBMSM）获得性健康服务带来了额外的障碍。然而，人们对 HIV 检测的频率以及在大流行期间 GBMSM 如何接受检测知之甚少。我们调查了在中国一款同性恋社交应用程序上招募的在线 GBMSM 样本。在 956 名有性行为的参与者中，70.1%在过去 6 个月内接受过 HIV 检测。其中，61.0%报告进行过 HIV 自我检测（HIVST）。18-24 岁的年轻 GBMSM 更有可能接受最近的 HIV 检测，性伴侣数量与最近的 HIV 检测呈正相关[调整后的优势比（AOR）=1.14，95%置信区间（CI）：1.03-1.20]。在最近接受过 HIV 检测的人中，年轻的 GBMSM 以及与主要性伴侣和偶然性伴侣发生肛交的人更有可能使用 HIVST（AOR=1.83，95%CI：1.16-2.84），以及最后一次肛交时未使用安全套的 GBMSM（AOR=1.57，95%CI：1.06-2.34）。在从未接受过 HIV 检测的 GBMSM 中，大多数人认为 HIV 风险较低，而有些人则表示他们不知道在哪里进行检测，或者害怕发现自己感染了 HIV。HIVST 有可能填补中国 GBMSM 中 HIV 检测的空白，未来的 HIV 检测项目应强调 HIV 教育、准确信息传播以及及时的现场护理服务。
