School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 2;12:1325081. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1325081. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND: Achieving virtual elimination of HIV transmission in Australia requires a combination of high treatment rates and high testing coverage among individuals at risk of acquiring HIV. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is an additional testing approach for key populations. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HIVST among Asian-born gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). METHODS: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews of overseas-born GBMSM of Asian background in Australia. Participants were recruited from personal networks, social media platforms, snowballing, and the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. Twenty-five participants were purposively sampled with a range of ages and previous levels of experience with HIVST. Interview transcripts were imported into Nvivo 12 for data management. RESULTS: The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 44 years, with a median of 30 years. Most were unaware of HIVST before the interview, and only a few had ever used one. All had limited sexual health knowledge (i.e., HIV testing, PrEP) before they arrived in Australia. Upon learning about HIVST during the interview, many expressed willingness to use HIVST, but in limited circumstances, such as traveling overseas, interim testing while taking on-demand PrEP, and point-of-sex testing. Almost all were open to distributing HIVST to their casual partners or friends, especially those they knew who engaged in high-risk sexual practice (i.e., condomless anal sex) and were not engaged in sexual healthcare. About half still preferred conventional serology testing because of regular HIV testing as part of PrEP prescription and the need for testing for other sexually transmitted infections. CONCLUSION: HIVST may be an acceptable additional testing approach for HIV testing among Asian-born GBMSM. Peer education and secondary distribution may help raise HIVST awareness and use.
背景:在澳大利亚实现艾滋病毒传播的虚拟消除,需要结合高治疗率和高风险人群的检测覆盖率。艾滋病毒自我检测(HIVST)是一种针对关键人群的额外检测方法。
目的:我们旨在研究在澳大利亚出生的亚洲裔男同性恋、双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系的男性(GBMSM)中 HIVST 的知识、态度和实践。
方法:这项定性研究使用了澳大利亚出生的亚洲背景的海外 GBMSM 的半结构式访谈。参与者是通过个人网络、社交媒体平台、滚雪球和墨尔本性健康中心招募的。根据年龄和之前 HIVST 经验的不同,有 25 名参与者被有针对性地抽样。访谈记录被导入 Nvivo 12 进行数据管理。
结果:参与者的年龄从 19 岁到 44 岁不等,中位数为 30 岁。在接受采访之前,大多数人都不知道 HIVST,只有少数人曾经使用过。在抵达澳大利亚之前,他们都有有限的性健康知识(即 HIV 检测、PrEP)。在采访中了解到 HIVST 后,许多人表示愿意在有限的情况下使用 HIVST,例如出国旅行、在按需服用 PrEP 期间进行临时检测、以及在发生性行为时进行检测。几乎所有人都愿意将 HIVST 分发给他们的临时伴侣或朋友,特别是那些他们知道有高风险性行为(即无保护的肛交)且不参与性健康护理的人。大约一半的人仍然更喜欢传统的血清学检测,因为这是 PrEP 处方的一部分,而且需要检测其他性传播感染。
结论:HIVST 可能是亚洲出生的 GBMSM 进行 HIV 检测的一种可接受的额外检测方法。同伴教育和二级分发可能有助于提高 HIVST 的认识和使用。
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