Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
Sex Transm Infect. 2023 Mar;99(2):128-136. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2022-055587. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) represents the most common STI in the USA. HPV inequities in prevention, diagnostics and clinical care persist. We define inequities as systematic, avoidable and unfair differences in health outcomes.
The objectives of this scoping review are to chart existing data on HPV-related inequities, identify gaps in existing literature and guide future research to reduce these inequities.
We completed a scoping review following guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses scoping reviews extension. We performed a literature search on PubMed and Ovid Embase in July 2022 for articles pertaining to HPV and evaluating populations within the USA. We included English language publications from 2018 to 2022 evaluating at least one health inequity outlined by the National Institutes of Health. General publication characteristics and health inequity data were charted in a masked, duplicate fashion using a pilot-tested Google Form. We analysed frequencies of health inequities and summarised main findings from included studies.
Our final sample included 170 publications. The most common inequities examined were race/ethnicity (140 studies), sex or gender (97 studies), and income (69 studies). Many historically marginalised racial/ethnic groups had lower rates of HPV-related knowledge, vaccination and worse overall outcomes related to HPV. Compared with women, men had lower rates of HPV vaccination and provider recommendation, and higher rates of HPV-infection. Results regarding income were largely conflicting.
Findings from our review demonstrate clear gaps in HPV-related inequity research. Vaccine completion, provider recommendation and intersectionality should continue to be evaluated to implement targeted interventions.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是美国最常见的性传播感染。HPV 在预防、诊断和临床护理方面的不平等现象仍然存在。我们将不平等定义为健康结果中存在的系统的、可避免的和不公平的差异。
本综述的目的是绘制现有的 HPV 相关不平等数据图，确定现有文献中的差距，并指导未来的研究以减少这些不平等。
我们按照 Joanna Briggs 研究所和系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目的指南进行了范围综述。我们于 2022 年 7 月在 PubMed 和 Ovid Embase 上进行了文献检索，检索与 HPV 相关的文章，并评估了美国的人群。我们纳入了至少评估一种国家卫生研究院列出的健康不平等的英语出版物，并于 2018 年至 2022 年发表。使用经过试点测试的 Google 表单以盲法、重复的方式对一般出版物特征和健康不平等数据进行图表绘制。我们分析了健康不平等的频率，并总结了纳入研究的主要发现。
我们的最终样本包括 170 篇出版物。检查最多的不平等现象是种族/民族（140 项研究）、性别（97 项研究）和收入（69 项研究）。许多历史上处于边缘地位的种族/民族群体，其 HPV 相关知识、疫苗接种率较低，与 HPV 相关的总体结果较差。与女性相比，男性 HPV 疫苗接种率和提供者推荐率较低，HPV 感染率较高。关于收入的结果则存在很大的矛盾。
我们的综述结果表明，HPV 相关不平等研究存在明显差距。疫苗完成率、提供者推荐和交叉性应该继续得到评估，以实施有针对性的干预措施。
