NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2023 Feb;147(2):217-228. doi: 10.1111/acps.13522. Epub 2022 Nov 25.
Mood and anxiety disorders account for a large share of the global burden of disability. Some studies suggest that early signs may emerge already in childhood. However, there is a lack of well-powered, prospective studies investigating how and when childhood mental traits and trajectories relate to adolescent mood and anxiety disorders.
We here examine cross-sectional and longitudinal association between maternally reported temperamental traits, emotional and behavioral problems in childhood (0.5-8 years) and clinical diagnosis of mood or anxiety ("emotional") disorders in adolescence (10-18 years), using the prospective Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) of 110,367 children.
Logistic regression analyses showed consistent and increasing associations between childhood negative emotionality, behavioral and emotional problems and adolescent diagnosis of emotional disorders, present from 6 months of age (negative emotionality). Latent profile analysis incorporating latent growth models identified five developmental profiles of emotional and behavioral problems. A profile of early increasing behavioral and emotional problems with combined symptoms at 8 years (1.3% of sample) was the profile most strongly associated with emotional disorders in adolescence (OR vs. reference: 5.00, 95% CI: 3.70-6.30).
We found a consistent and increasing association between negative emotionality, behavioral and emotional problems in early to middle childhood and mood and anxiety disorders in adolescence. A developmental profile coherent with early and increasing disruptive mood dysregulation across childhood was the profile strongest associated with adolescent emotional disorders. Our results highlight the importance of early emotional dysregulation and childhood as a formative period in the development of adolescent mood and anxiety disorders, supporting potential for prevention and early intervention initiatives.
情绪和焦虑障碍在全球残疾负担中占很大比例。一些研究表明，早期迹象可能已经在儿童期出现。然而，缺乏有力的、前瞻性的研究来调查儿童时期的心理特征和轨迹如何以及何时与青少年的情绪和焦虑障碍相关。
我们在这里使用前瞻性挪威母婴儿童队列研究（MoBa）中 110367 名儿童的数据，检验了母亲报告的气质特征、儿童期（0.5-8 岁）的情绪和行为问题与青少年期（10-18 岁）情绪或焦虑（“情绪”）障碍临床诊断之间的横断面和纵向关联。
逻辑回归分析显示，儿童时期的负性情绪、行为和情绪问题与青少年时期的情绪障碍诊断之间存在一致且不断增加的关联，这种关联从 6 个月大时就开始存在（负性情绪）。纳入潜在增长模型的潜在剖面分析确定了情绪和行为问题的五种发展模式。一个早期行为和情绪问题不断增加、8 岁时综合症状的模式（样本中 1.3%）与青少年时期的情绪障碍关联最强（与参考相比的 OR：5.00，95%CI：3.70-6.30）。
我们发现，儿童早期到中期的负性情绪、行为和情绪问题与青少年时期的情绪和焦虑障碍之间存在一致且不断增加的关联。一个与整个儿童期不断增加的破坏性情绪失调相一致的发展模式与青少年情绪障碍的关联最强。我们的研究结果强调了早期情绪失调和儿童期的重要性，儿童期是青少年情绪和焦虑障碍发展的形成期，支持了预防和早期干预措施的潜力。
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