Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Feb 6;62(7):e202215535. doi: 10.1002/anie.202215535. Epub 2023 Jan 10.
Bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation and host cell invasion of the ESKAPE pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa require the tetravalent lectins LecA and LecB, which are therefore drug targets to fight these infections. Recently, we have reported highly potent divalent galactosides as specific LecA inhibitors. However, they suffered from very low solubility and an intrinsic chemical instability due to two acylhydrazone motifs, which precluded further biological evaluation. Here, we isosterically substituted the acylhydrazones and systematically varied linker identity and length between the two galactosides necessary for LecA binding. The optimized divalent LecA ligands showed improved stability and were up to 1000-fold more soluble. Importantly, these properties now enabled their biological characterization. The lead compound L2 potently inhibited LecA binding to lung epithelial cells, restored wound closure in a scratch assay and reduced the invasiveness of P. aeruginosa into host cells.
革兰氏阴性耐药菌铜绿假单胞菌的细菌黏附、生物膜形成和宿主细胞入侵需要四价凝集素 LecA 和 LecB,因此它们是治疗这些感染的药物靶点。最近,我们报道了具有高活性的二价半乳糖作为特异性 LecA 抑制剂。然而,由于两个酰腙基序,它们的溶解度非常低,且存在内在化学不稳定性,这妨碍了进一步的生物学评估。在这里,我们用等排体取代了酰腙基序,并系统地改变了二价半乳糖中连接体的身份和长度,这对半乳糖与 LecA 结合是必需的。优化后的二价 LecA 配体显示出更好的稳定性,溶解度提高了 1000 倍以上。重要的是,这些特性使得它们能够进行生物学特性分析。先导化合物 L2 能够强烈抑制 LecA 与肺上皮细胞的结合,恢复划痕试验中的伤口闭合,并降低铜绿假单胞菌对宿主细胞的侵袭能力。