Centre for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia.
School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia.
Photochem Photobiol. 2023 Jul-Aug;99(4):1193-1207. doi: 10.1111/php.13745. Epub 2022 Dec 14.
Current shading strategies used to protect outdoor playgrounds from harmful solar radiation include the placement of artificial cloth weaves or permanent roofing over a playground site, planting trees in proximity to playground equipment, and using vegetation or surface texture variations to cool playground surfaces. How and where an artificial shade structure is placed or a tree is planted to maximize the shade protection over specific playground areas, requires careful assessment of local seasonal sun exposure patterns. The Playground Shade Index (PSI) is introduced here as a design metric to enable shade and solar ultraviolet exposure patterns to be derived in an outdoor space using conventional aerial views of suburban park maps. The implementation of the PSI is demonstrated by incorporating a machine learning design tool to classify the position of trees from an aerial image, thus enabling the mapping of seasonal shade and ultraviolet exposure patterns within an existing 7180 m parkland. This is achieved by modeling the relative position of the sun with respect to nearby buildings, shade structures, and the identified evergreen and deciduous tree species surrounding an outdoor playground.
当前用于保护户外游乐场免受有害太阳辐射的遮阳策略包括在游乐场场地上方放置人工织物编织物或永久性屋顶、在游乐设备附近种植树木，以及使用植被或表面纹理变化来冷却游乐场表面。为了最大限度地保护特定游乐区免受遮阳结构的放置或树木的种植的影响，需要仔细评估当地季节性阳光照射模式。这里引入了游乐场遮阳指数（PSI）作为设计指标，以便使用郊区公园地图的常规航拍视图来推断户外空间的遮阳和太阳紫外线暴露模式。通过将机器学习设计工具整合到分类树木位置的功能中，实现了 PSI 的实施，从而能够在现有的 7180 平方米的公园内绘制季节性遮阳和紫外线暴露模式。这是通过模拟太阳相对于附近建筑物、遮阳结构以及识别的常绿和落叶树种的相对位置来实现的，这些树木环绕着户外游乐场。
