Barajas Galindo David E, Ruiz-Sánchez Jorge Gabriel, Fernández Martínez Alberto, de la Vega Isabelle Runkle, Ferrer García Juan Carlos, Ropero-Luis Guillermo, Ortolá Buigues Ana, Serrano Gotarredona Joaquín, Gómez Hoyos Emilia
Sección de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain.
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed). 2023 Mar;70 Suppl 1:7-26. doi: 10.1016/j.endien.2022.11.006. Epub 2022 Nov 18.
Hyponatremia is the most prevalent electrolyte disorder in the outpatient and inpatient settings. Despite this frequency, hyponatremia, including severe hyponatremia, is frequently underestimated and inadequately treated, thus highlighting the need to produce consensus documents and clinical practice guidelines geared towards improving the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to it in a structured fashion.
Members of the Acqua Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN) met using a networking methodology over a period of 20 months (between October 2019 and August 2021) with the aim of discussing and developing an updated guideline for the management of hyponatraemia. A literature search of the available scientific evidence for each section presented in this document was performed.
A document with 8 sections was produced, which sets out to provide updated guidance on the most clinically relevant questions in the management of hyponatraemia. The management of severe hyponatraemia is based on the i.v. administration of a 3% hypertonic solution. For the management of chronic euvolemic hyponatraemia, algorithms for the initiation of treatment with the two pharmacological therapeutic options currently available in Spain are presented: urea and tolvaptan.
This document sets out to simplify the approach to and the treatment of hyponatraemia, making it easier to learn and thus improve the clinical approach to hyponatremia.
低钠血症是门诊和住院患者中最常见的电解质紊乱。尽管发病率很高，但低钠血症，包括严重低钠血症，常常被低估且治疗不充分，因此凸显了制定共识文件和临床实践指南的必要性，以有组织的方式改进对其的诊断和治疗方法。
西班牙内分泌与营养学会（SEEN）水盐代谢组的成员采用网络方法，在20个月（2019年10月至2021年8月）的时间里进行会面，目的是讨论并制定一份更新的低钠血症管理指南。对本文件各部分的现有科学证据进行了文献检索。
生成了一份包含8个部分的文件，旨在为低钠血症管理中最具临床相关性的问题提供最新指导。严重低钠血症的治疗基于静脉输注3%高渗溶液。对于慢性等容性低钠血症的管理，给出了西班牙目前可用的两种药物治疗选择（尿素和托伐普坦）起始治疗的算法。
本文件旨在简化低钠血症的处理和治疗方法，使其更易于学习，从而改善对低钠血症的临床处理。
