Farzadfar Farshad, Zalvand Rostam, Karami Badrye, Yoosefi Moein, Takian Amirhossein, Tajvar Maryam
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2022 Jul 1;25(7):460-472. doi: 10.34172/aim.2022.76.
The determinants and correlates of severe mental disorders are less understood compared to the common mental disorders, both in the world and in Iran. In this study, we aimed to identify a wide range of determinants of severe stress, severe anger, and severe sadness among Iranian population.
This study is part of a large nationwide cross-sectional survey entitled STEPs conducted using a comprehensive questionnaire to determine the prevalence of main preventable risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran by age and sex groups in 2016. In total, 30541 people aged 18+participated in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between the dependent variable, which is severe mental disorders, and independent variables including socio-economic factors, lifestyle and selected NCDs.
The prevalence of severe stress, severe anger and sever sadness in the Iranian society was 33%, 35%, and 25%, respectively. Of the investigated socio-economic factors, being men, older, never married and living in rural areas were associated with significantly lower experience of severe mental disorders compared to other groups. For education, income and wealth index, there was no linear and clear pattern. Among lifestyle factors, being nonsmoker, having low physical activities, and higher intake of fruits and vegetables were found to be preventive of severe mental disorders. Additionally, having NCDs including hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes and heart attacks were also significantly correlated with severe mental disorders.
determining factors associated with severe mental disorders in this study would help in raising people's awareness on avoiding harmful factors, and taking healthier lifestyle such as quitting smoke, and consuming enough vegetables and fruits. Screening high risk people in terms of mental health could contribute to the reduction of mental disorders in the Iranian community.
与常见精神障碍相比，无论是在全球还是在伊朗，严重精神障碍的决定因素和相关因素都鲜为人知。在本研究中，我们旨在确定伊朗人群中严重压力、严重愤怒和严重悲伤的广泛决定因素。
本研究是一项名为“伊朗疾病负担研究（STEP）”的大型全国性横断面调查的一部分，该调查于2016年通过综合问卷按年龄和性别组确定伊朗非传染性疾病（NCD）主要可预防风险因素的患病率。共有30541名18岁及以上的人参与了本研究。单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析用于检验作为因变量的严重精神障碍与包括社会经济因素、生活方式和选定的非传染性疾病在内的自变量之间的关联。
伊朗社会中严重压力、严重愤怒和严重悲伤的患病率分别为33%、35%和25%。在调查的社会经济因素中，与其他群体相比，男性、年龄较大、从未结婚和生活在农村地区的人经历严重精神障碍的比例明显较低。对于教育、收入和财富指数，没有线性和明确的模式。在生活方式因素中，不吸烟、体育活动少以及水果和蔬菜摄入量高被发现可预防严重精神障碍。此外，患有包括高血压、高胆固醇、糖尿病和心脏病在内的非传染性疾病也与严重精神障碍显著相关。
本研究中确定的与严重精神障碍相关的因素将有助于提高人们对避免有害因素的认识，并采取更健康的生活方式，如戒烟、摄入足够的蔬菜和水果。对心理健康高危人群进行筛查有助于减少伊朗社区的精神障碍。
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