谷氨酸脱羧酶65自身抗体与1型糖尿病发病风险之间的关系。
The relationship between GAD65 autoantibody and the risk of T1DM onset.
作者信息
Keshavarzi Elham, Noveiry Behnoud Baradaran, Rezaei Nima
机构信息
School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education of Research Network (USERN), Waterbury, CT USA.
出版信息
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022 Aug 5;21(2):1935-1942. doi: 10.1007/s40200-022-01098-w. eCollection 2022 Dec.
OBJECTIVES
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a well-known autoimmune disease, characterized by β-cell destruction in pancreas islet cells, which results insulin deficiency and subsequent hyperglycemic sequelae. While there is screening for type 2 DM that leads to better glycemic control and outcome, the majority of T1DM patients are diagnosed when much of the pancreatic cells and their function are disturbed. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the effective factors in the positivity of Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody )GADA( and identifying the high-risk individuals for T1DM.
METHODS
We searched English literature available at National Library of Medicine via PubMed, and Google Scholar through December 2020. Finally, 79 papers have been included in the study. Studies were summarized based on the number of positive autoantibodies and onset of T1DM over time and GADA correlation with different variables.
CONCLUSIONS
GADA is an easy marker to measure that can be detected many months prior to the clinical presentation and remains positive even after early childhood.
目的
1型糖尿病（T1DM）是一种众所周知的自身免疫性疾病，其特征是胰岛细胞中的β细胞被破坏，导致胰岛素缺乏及随后的高血糖后遗症。虽然对2型糖尿病进行筛查可实现更好的血糖控制和预后，但大多数T1DM患者在胰腺细胞及其功能受到很大干扰时才被诊断出来。本文旨在概述谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体（GADA）阳性的影响因素，并识别T1DM的高危个体。
方法
我们通过PubMed检索了美国国立医学图书馆的英文文献，并通过谷歌学术搜索截至2020年12月的文献。最终，79篇论文被纳入本研究。根据自身抗体阳性数量、T1DM随时间的发病情况以及GADA与不同变量的相关性对研究进行了总结。
结论
GADA是一种易于检测的标志物，可在临床表现前数月检测到，甚至在幼儿期后仍保持阳性。
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