2020年乌干达西部居家护理中COVID-19患者家庭成员感染COVID-19的个体和家庭风险因素

Individual and household risk factors for COVID-19 infection among household members of COVID-19 patients in home-based care in western Uganda, 2020.

作者信息

Amanya Geofrey, Elyanu Peter, Migisha Richard, Kadobera Daniel, Ario Alex Riolexus, Harris Julie R

机构信息

Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Infectious Diseases Institute.

Baylor College of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.

出版信息

IJID Reg. 2022 Dec;5:183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.11.002. Epub 2022 Nov 11.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.11.002

PMID:36407852

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9650255/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate factors associated with COVID-19 among household members of patients in home-based care (HBC) in western Uganda.

METHODS

We conducted a case-control and cohort study. Cases were reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed 1-30 November 2020 among persons in HBC in Kasese or Kabarole districts. We compared 78 case-households (≥1 secondary case) with 59 control-households (no secondary cases). The cohort included all case-household members. Data were captured by in-person questionnaire. We used bivariate regression to calculate odds and risk ratios.

RESULTS

Case-households were larger than control-households (mean 5.8 vs 4.3 members, <0.0001). Having ≥1 household member per room (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=4.5, 95% CI 2.0-9.9), symptom development (aOR=2.3, 95% CI 1.1-5.0), or interaction with primary case-patient (aOR=4.6, 95% CI 1.4-14.7) increased odds of case-household status. Households assessed for suitability for HBC reduced odds of case-household status (aOR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2-0.8). Interacting with a primary case-patient increased the risk of individual infection among household members (adjusted risk ratio=1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.8).

CONCLUSION

Household and individual factors influence secondary infection risk in HBC. Decisions about HBC should be made with these in mind.

摘要

目的

调查乌干达西部居家护理（HBC）患者家庭成员中与2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关的因素。

方法

我们进行了一项病例对照和队列研究。病例为2020年11月1日至30日在卡塞塞或卡巴罗莱区居家护理的人中经逆转录聚合酶链反应确诊的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染病例。我们将78个病例家庭（≥1例二代病例）与59个对照家庭（无二代病例）进行比较。队列包括所有病例家庭的成员。数据通过面对面问卷调查收集。我们使用双变量回归计算比值比和风险比。

结果

病例家庭比对照家庭规模更大（平均5.8人对4.3人，<0.0001）。每间房有≥1名家庭成员（调整后的比值比（aOR）=4.5，95%置信区间2.0-9.9）、出现症状（aOR=2.3，95%置信区间1.1-5.0）或与首例病例患者接触（aOR=4.6，95%置信区间1.4-14.7）会增加成为病例家庭的几率。经评估适合居家护理的家庭成为病例家庭的几率降低（aOR=0.4，95%置信区间=0.2-0.8）。与首例病例患者接触会增加家庭成员个体感染的风险（调整后的风险比=1.7,95%置信区间1.1-2.8）。