Wang Ling, Yu Ke-Chun, Hou Yun-Qing, Guo Min, Yao Fan, Chen Zhen-Xia
Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
J Cell Physiol. 2023 Jan;238(1):94-108. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30917. Epub 2022 Nov 21.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in the digestive system, and the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in CRC tumorigenesis and therapy. The gastrointestinal tract is the organ harboring most of the microbiota in humans. Changes in the gut microbiome in CRC patients suggest possible host-microbe interactions, thereby hinting the potential tumorigenesis, which provides new perspective for preventing, diagnosing, or treating CRC. In this review, we discuss the effects of gut microbiome dysbiosis on CRC, and reveal the mechanisms by which gut microbiome dysbiosis leads to CRC. Gut microbiome modulation with the aim to reverse the established gut microbial dysbiosis is a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of CRC. In addition, this review summarizes that probiotic antagonize CRC tumorigenesis by protecting intestinal barrier function, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, resisting oxidative stress, and enhancing host immunity. Finally, we highlight clinical applications of the gut microbiome, such as gut microbiome analysis-based biomarker screening and prediction, and microbe modulation-based CRC prevention, treatment enhancement, and treatment side effect reduction. This review provides the reference for the clinical application of gut microbiome in the prevention and treatment of CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是消化系统中发病率最高的恶性肿瘤，肠道微生物群在CRC的肿瘤发生和治疗中起着至关重要的作用。胃肠道是人类体内大多数微生物群寄居的器官。CRC患者肠道微生物群的变化提示了可能的宿主-微生物相互作用，从而暗示了潜在的肿瘤发生，这为预防、诊断或治疗CRC提供了新的视角。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肠道微生物群失调对CRC的影响，并揭示了肠道微生物群失调导致CRC的机制。旨在逆转已建立的肠道微生物失调的肠道微生物群调节是预防和治疗CRC的一种新策略。此外，这篇综述总结了益生菌通过保护肠道屏障功能、抑制癌细胞增殖、抵抗氧化应激和增强宿主免疫力来拮抗CRC肿瘤发生。最后，我们强调了肠道微生物群的临床应用，如基于肠道微生物群分析的生物标志物筛选和预测，以及基于微生物调节的CRC预防、治疗增强和治疗副作用减少。这篇综述为肠道微生物群在CRC预防和治疗中的临床应用提供了参考。
