Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain.
VIU-NED Chair of Global Neuroscience and Social Change, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2023 Oct;37(7):1337-1370. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2022.2148283. Epub 2022 Nov 23.
Increased prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has led to a need for new neuropsychological intervention tools in this population. This meta-analysis aimed to learn about the efficacy of virtual reality (VR)-based neuropsychological interventions in improving cognitive functioning in patients with MCI. This review followed the recommendations of the PRISMA statement, and it was registered in PROSPERO. The studies examined were collected from the PsycINFO, Web of Science, Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. The systematic search yielded 258 articles, of which 13 randomized controlled trials were selected. VR-based neuropsychological interventions had moderate effects on global cognition ( = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.56; = 0.02), small effects on attention ( = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.04, 0.49; = 0.02), and large effects on executive function ( = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.38, 0.81; < 0.0001), but non-significant effects on working memory, episodic memory, language, or visuoconstruction. When the length of the intervention was considered, VR-based interventions of 15 or more hours had moderate effects on working memory ( = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.11, 0.99; = 0.01), and large effects on language ( = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.01, 1.20; = 0.05) and visuoconstruction ( = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.58, 1.67; < 0.0001). Results suggest that VR-based interventions are beneficial for improving cognitive functioning in patients with MCI, and allow us to make recommendations that could have implications for clinical decision-making in this population.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）患病率的增加导致需要为该人群开发新的神经心理学干预工具。本荟萃分析旨在了解基于虚拟现实（VR）的神经心理学干预在改善 MCI 患者认知功能方面的疗效。本综述遵循 PRISMA 声明的建议，并在 PROSPERO 中进行了登记。研究人员从 PsycINFO、Web of Science、PubMed/MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中收集了这些研究。系统搜索共产生 258 篇文章，其中有 13 项随机对照试验被纳入。基于 VR 的神经心理学干预对整体认知具有中等影响（ = 0.30；95% CI = 0.05，0.56； = 0.02），对注意力具有较小影响（ = 0.27；95% CI = 0.04，0.49； = 0.02），对执行功能具有较大影响（ = 0.60；95% CI = 0.38，0.81； < 0.0001），但对工作记忆、情景记忆、语言或视觉建构没有显著影响。当考虑干预时间长度时，15 小时或以上的基于 VR 的干预对工作记忆具有中等影响（ = 0.55；95% CI = 0.11，0.99； = 0.01），对语言具有较大影响（ = 0.60；95% CI = 0.01，1.20； = 0.05）和视觉建构（ = 1.13；95% CI = 0.58，1.67； < 0.0001）。结果表明，基于 VR 的干预措施有益于改善 MCI 患者的认知功能，并为该人群的临床决策提供了有意义的建议。
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