Hernandez-Rienda Lorena, Del Olmo-García Maria Isabel, Merino-Torres Juan Francisco
Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University and Politecnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe-University of Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Metabolites. 2022 Nov 11;12(11):1103. doi: 10.3390/metabo12111103.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are two entities closely linked together. DM has been described as a risk factor for the development of pNETs and for the aggressiveness of the disease. On the other hand, DM due to pNETs is frequently undiagnosed or misclassified as type 2 DM when it is due to type 3 DM. In addition, metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 DM, has an antiproliferative property and is gaining increasing attention as an antitumor agent. This review article presents the findings published in the last few years on pNETs and DMs. Emphasis will be placed on DM as a risk factor, pNET as a risk factor for the development of type 3 DM, the management of type 3 DM on pNET, and DM as a prognostic factor in patients with pNET, as well as the future clinical implications of DM in these patients. The coexistence of DM and pNET is extensively presented. It is important to perform future clinical trials, which are necessary to establish the role of metformin on pNET disease. Increasing awareness among professionals managing pNET on the importance of a correct DM diagnosis and management of the disease must be a priority due to the implications on mortality and comorbidities it may have in these patients.
糖尿病（DM）与胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤（pNETs）是紧密相连的两种疾病。糖尿病已被描述为胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤发生及疾病侵袭性的一个危险因素。另一方面，由胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤导致的糖尿病常未被诊断出来，或者当它是由3型糖尿病引起时，常被误诊为2型糖尿病。此外，二甲双胍是一种常用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物，具有抗增殖特性，作为一种抗肿瘤药物正受到越来越多的关注。这篇综述文章介绍了过去几年发表的关于胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤和糖尿病的研究结果。重点将放在作为危险因素的糖尿病、作为3型糖尿病发病危险因素的胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤、胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤患者3型糖尿病的管理、糖尿病作为胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤患者的一个预后因素，以及糖尿病在这些患者中的未来临床意义。糖尿病和胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的共存情况也有广泛介绍。开展未来的临床试验很重要，这些试验对于确定二甲双胍在胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤疾病中的作用是必要的。鉴于其对这些患者死亡率和合并症可能产生的影响，提高管理胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的专业人员对正确诊断和管理糖尿病重要性的认识必须成为优先事项。
