Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Aug 25;38(4):515-519. doi: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.410716.
In recent years, human beings are constantly facing the threat of emerging infectious diseases. Forensic technology plays a unique role in responding to the emergencies and new epidemics. In epidemic prevention and control, forensic partitioners can provide important clues for the identification of vector animal species and the traceability of pathogen regions based on non-human DNA testing technology. In epidemic-related judicial practice, forensic partitioners bear more and more evidence responsibilities in dealing with biosafety laws-related issues, such as improper handling of epidemics and vaccine safety issues, which require forensic evidence. In terms of pathogen tracing, forensic physical evidence examinations identify species and individuals through biological materials extracted from the scene of death and autopsy of infectious diseases, are expected to provide informative clues for epidemiological investigations and point out the direction for pathogen tracing. In addition, forensic pathological examination can provide an important pathophysiological basis for determining the cause of death and the mechanism of death through autopsy, also offer necessary scientific evidence for clarifying the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic and predicting the development trend of the epidemic.
近年来，人类不断面临新发传染病的威胁。法医学技术在应对突发事件和新发传染病方面发挥着独特的作用。在疫情防控中，法医可以根据非人类 DNA 检测技术，为鉴定媒介动物种类和追溯病原体区域提供重要线索。在与疫情相关的司法实践中，法医在处理与生物安全法相关的问题时，如疫情不当处理和疫苗安全问题等，承担着越来越多的证据责任，这需要法医证据。在病原体溯源方面，法医物证检验通过从传染病死亡现场和尸检提取的生物材料来识别物种和个体，有望为流行病学调查提供有价值的线索，并为病原体溯源指明方向。此外，法医病理学检查可以通过尸检为确定死因和死亡机制提供重要的病理生理学依据，也为阐明疫情的流行病学特征和预测疫情的发展趋势提供必要的科学依据。
