Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Neonatology. 2023;120(2):257-262. doi: 10.1159/000527430. Epub 2022 Nov 28.
Randomized trials have not reported the effects of the early progression of feeding volumes on fluid balance and neurodevelopment among infants born extremely preterm (≤28 weeks).
Fluid, electrolyte, and neurodevelopment data of 60 extremely preterm infants randomly assigned to receive either 1 (early feeding group) or 4 days (late feeding group) of trophic feeding volumes at 20-24 mL/kg/day were analyzed.
Infants randomized to the early feeding group received less parenteral fluids, generated lower urine volumes, and had less excessive weight loss during the first 14 days after birth. The 7-point difference in cognitive scores and the 0.5 difference in weight-for-age z-scores favoring the early feeding group did not reach statistical significance.
In extremely preterm infants, early enteral feeding is associated with less total fluid administration and with less excessive weight loss during the first 2 weeks after birth. These short-term effects could have long-lasting benefits.
随机试验尚未报告极低出生体重儿（≤28 周）早期喂养量进展对液体平衡和神经发育的影响。
对 60 名极低出生体重儿进行了液体、电解质和神经发育数据的分析，这些婴儿随机分为接受 20-24 毫升/公斤/天的营养性喂养量 1 天（早期喂养组）或 4 天（晚期喂养组）。
与晚期喂养组相比，接受早期喂养的婴儿接受的静脉输液量较少，出生后前 14 天的尿量较少，体重减轻也较少。早期喂养组的认知评分差异为 7 分，体重与年龄 z 评分差异为 0.5，这些差异没有达到统计学意义。
在极低出生体重儿中，早期肠内喂养与总液体摄入减少和出生后前 2 周体重过度减轻有关。这些短期效应可能具有长期的益处。
