Caine R
Nurs Clin North Am. 1987 Mar;22(1):77-87.
The electrocardiogram is a useful noninvasive source of information on the various functions and dysfunctions of the heart. With it we can easily detect dysrhythmias and conduction abnormalities, anatomic orientation of the heart, hypertrophy of individual chambers, ischemia or infarction, electrolyte and chemical abnormalities, and drug toxicity. Since each abnormality produces distinctive tracings on the electrocardiogram, the nurse must be able to evaluate the patient's cardiac function when presented with clinical signs and symptoms. The ability to systematically and critically interpret electrocardiographic function should be paramount in the nurse's store of knowledge. Utilization of the electrocardiogram in conjunction with other standard and hemodynamic assessment tools will enable the nurse to perceive cardiac dysfunction, and accurately determine the clinical disorder.
心电图是了解心脏各种功能和功能障碍的有用的无创信息来源。通过它，我们可以轻松检测心律失常和传导异常、心脏的解剖方位、各个心腔的肥大、缺血或梗死、电解质和化学异常以及药物毒性。由于每种异常在心电图上都会产生独特的波形，因此当出现临床体征和症状时，护士必须能够评估患者的心脏功能。系统且批判性地解读心电图功能的能力在护士的知识储备中应是至关重要的。将心电图与其他标准和血流动力学评估工具结合使用，将使护士能够察觉心脏功能障碍，并准确确定临床病症。
